NUR 1028 Test 4
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells secrete __________ ____________ to lower the surface tension of water,
which helps prevent airway collapse. - Answer-pulmonary surfactant
What reduces surface tension within all alveoli? - Answer-surfactant
Insufficient pulmonary surfactant in the alveoli can contribute to _____________ - Answer-atelectasis
What is atelectasis? - Answer-collapsed lung
Do premature infants have the capacity to produce enough surfactant to survive on their own? -
Answer-no
The ability of the lungs and pleural cavity to change in volume based on changes in pressure. - Answer-
lung compliance
What are the two factors that determine lung compliance? - Answer-elasticity of the lung tissue and
surface tensions at air water interfaces
,How do people with low lung compliance due to obstructive lung diseases tend breathe and sit? -
Answer-rapid shallow breaths and sit hunched over to make exhalation less difficult
How do people with high lung compliance due to restrictive lung diseases tend to have difficulty doing
what? - Answer-expanding and deflating the lungs
physiology that describes the resistance of the respiratory tract to airflow during inspiration and
expiration. - Answer-airway resistance
Diseases affecting the respiratory tract can __________ airway resistance. - Answer-increase
Laminar flow is orderly and has ______ ___________. - Answer-low resistance
Turbulent flow is disorganized and has ______ __________. - Answer-high resistance
the act or process of inhaling and exhaling (breathing) - Answer-ventilation
To evaluate the adequacy of ventilation you should watch what? - Answer-chest rise, compliance, and
respiratory rate
What factors affect ventilation? - Answer-Surface Tension of the Alveolar Fluid, Lung Compliance,
Airway Resistance
What are the types of noninvasive ventilation? - Answer-BiPAP and CPAP
What refers to the process of adding oxygen to the body system - Answer-oxygenation
, What would be some signs of poor oxygenation? - Answer-Cyanosis, pallor, low pulse oximeter, change
in mental status
What factors affect oxygenation? - Answer-Increased metabolic rate, Toxic inhalation, Age, Decreased
inhalation of oxygen, Hyper/hypoventilation, Anemia
high pitched, heard during inspiration, not cleared by cough (discontinuous) - Answer-crackles
Musical noises heard on inspiration, expiration, or both & are result of narrowed airway passages. -
Answer-wheezing
rumbling, course sounds like a snore, heard during inspiration and expiration, may also be cleared with
coughing (continuous) - Answer-rhonchi
Recurrent episodes wheezing, breathlessness, coughing, chest tightness - Answer-asthma
Asthma is a what? - Answer-chronic inflammatory disease
What causes an acute asthma response? - Answer-trigger
Late phase attack of asthma is how many hours after? - Answer-4-12
What can occur during an untreated asthma attack? - Answer-hypoxia, hyperventilation, limited
expiratory airflow
What is one of the first signs of asthma we see in a child? - Answer-coughing
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells secrete __________ ____________ to lower the surface tension of water,
which helps prevent airway collapse. - Answer-pulmonary surfactant
What reduces surface tension within all alveoli? - Answer-surfactant
Insufficient pulmonary surfactant in the alveoli can contribute to _____________ - Answer-atelectasis
What is atelectasis? - Answer-collapsed lung
Do premature infants have the capacity to produce enough surfactant to survive on their own? -
Answer-no
The ability of the lungs and pleural cavity to change in volume based on changes in pressure. - Answer-
lung compliance
What are the two factors that determine lung compliance? - Answer-elasticity of the lung tissue and
surface tensions at air water interfaces
,How do people with low lung compliance due to obstructive lung diseases tend breathe and sit? -
Answer-rapid shallow breaths and sit hunched over to make exhalation less difficult
How do people with high lung compliance due to restrictive lung diseases tend to have difficulty doing
what? - Answer-expanding and deflating the lungs
physiology that describes the resistance of the respiratory tract to airflow during inspiration and
expiration. - Answer-airway resistance
Diseases affecting the respiratory tract can __________ airway resistance. - Answer-increase
Laminar flow is orderly and has ______ ___________. - Answer-low resistance
Turbulent flow is disorganized and has ______ __________. - Answer-high resistance
the act or process of inhaling and exhaling (breathing) - Answer-ventilation
To evaluate the adequacy of ventilation you should watch what? - Answer-chest rise, compliance, and
respiratory rate
What factors affect ventilation? - Answer-Surface Tension of the Alveolar Fluid, Lung Compliance,
Airway Resistance
What are the types of noninvasive ventilation? - Answer-BiPAP and CPAP
What refers to the process of adding oxygen to the body system - Answer-oxygenation
, What would be some signs of poor oxygenation? - Answer-Cyanosis, pallor, low pulse oximeter, change
in mental status
What factors affect oxygenation? - Answer-Increased metabolic rate, Toxic inhalation, Age, Decreased
inhalation of oxygen, Hyper/hypoventilation, Anemia
high pitched, heard during inspiration, not cleared by cough (discontinuous) - Answer-crackles
Musical noises heard on inspiration, expiration, or both & are result of narrowed airway passages. -
Answer-wheezing
rumbling, course sounds like a snore, heard during inspiration and expiration, may also be cleared with
coughing (continuous) - Answer-rhonchi
Recurrent episodes wheezing, breathlessness, coughing, chest tightness - Answer-asthma
Asthma is a what? - Answer-chronic inflammatory disease
What causes an acute asthma response? - Answer-trigger
Late phase attack of asthma is how many hours after? - Answer-4-12
What can occur during an untreated asthma attack? - Answer-hypoxia, hyperventilation, limited
expiratory airflow
What is one of the first signs of asthma we see in a child? - Answer-coughing
