NBME 30 Exam Questions and Answers
difference iib/w iiKwashiorkor ii& iiMarasmus ii- iiAnswers ii-- iikwashiorkor ii(edematous
iimalnutrition): iimarasmus iiPLUS iiEDEMA
- iimarasmus ii(WASTING iiSYNDROME): iiskin iilesions, iifatty iiliver, iiacute iiprotein-energy
iimalnutrition iiwith iidecreased iiarm iicircumference, iiweight iiper iilength iior iiBMI
deformation ii- iiAnswers ii-disruption iiin iiorgan iimorphogenesis iioccurring iiAFTER
iiembryonic iiperiod; iiextrinsic iiforce iilimits iinormal iiorgan iidevelopment
vascular iichanges iiin iichronic iiHTN ii- iiAnswers ii-- iihyaline iiarteriolosclerosis: iiprotein
iideposition iiin iivessel iiwalls ii
- iihyperplastic iiarteriosclerosis ii(arteriolitis): iiconcentric iithickening iiof iivessel iiwall iiw/
iilaminar iiappearance iicaused iiby iiproliferation iiof iismooth iimuscle iicells
- iicommonly iiaffects iirenal iiarterioles
Nodular iiglomerulosclerosis ii- iiAnswers ii-assoc iiw/ iidiabetic iinephropathy ii&
iiamyloidosis
supraoptic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iiADH iisecretion iifrom iipituitary ii& iiurine
iiconcentration
anterior iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-thermoregulation ii(cooling)
arcuate iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-appetite iistimulation
dorsomedial iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-regulation iiof iifeeding ii& iicircadian
iirhythm
lateral iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-promotes iiappetite ii(GHRELIN)
posterior iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-thermoregulating ii(heating)
ventromedial iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-satiety ii(LEPTIN)
osteopetrosis ii- iiAnswers ii-excessive iimineralization iiof iibone ii& iifailure iiof iiosteoclastic
iiresorption ii
- iimutation iiin iimacrophage iicolony iistimulating iifactor
,achondroplasia ii- iiAnswers ii-human iidwarfism
- iiAD iimutation iiin iifibroblast iigrowth iifactor iireceptor ii3 ii(FGFR3) iigene
porphyria iicutanea iitarda ii- iiAnswers ii-severe iicutaneous iiphotosensitivity iiwith
iiblistering ii& iihyperpigmentation iiafter iiexposure iito iisunlight ii
- iidecreased iiactivity iiof iiuroporphyringoen iidecarboxylase iienzyme iiin iithe iiproduction
iiof iiHEME
CD8+ iiT iilymphocytes ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iiCLEARING iia iivirus ii
- iiclass iiI iiMHC iireceptors iipresent iia iivirus iito iiCD8+ iiT iicell iion iian iiAPC
- iiCD8+ iiT iicell iihas iia iispecific iiTCR iifor iithe iivirus; iiresponds iiby iisecreting
iiinflammatory iimediators ii(to iiattract iiother iicells) iiperforin/granzyme iior iiinteracting iiwith
iiFas/FasL iito iitrigger iiapoptosis
Class iiII iiMHC ii- iiAnswers ii-are iion iithe iisurface iiof iiantigen-presenting iicells ii(APCs),
iiincluding iiB iicells
- iitrigger iiCD4+ iiT iicells, iiwhich iirecruit iiCD8+ iicytotoxic iiT iicells
PKU ii- iiAnswers ii-deficiency iiof iiphenylalanine iihydroxylase ii
- iisupplementation iiof iiTYROSINE iiis iirequired iifor iisynthesis iiof iicatecholamines
ii(norepinephrine, iiepinephrine ii& iidopamine)
leuprolide ii- iiAnswers ii-GnRH iiagonist iiused iifor iithe iitreatment iiof iiprostate iicancer
- iidecreased iiLH ii& iitestosterone iirelease
production iiof iiprogesterone iiduring iipregnancy ii- iiAnswers ii-- iifirst ii7-10 iiweeks:
iiCORPUS iiLUTEUM ii(stimulating iiby iihCG iifrom iiplacenta)
>10 iiweeks: iiplacenta
Chronic iigranulomatous iidisease ii- iiAnswers ii-X-linked iimutation iiaffecting iiNADPH
iioxidase iicausing iidysfunctioning iineutrophils iiand iioxidative iiburst
- iirecurrent iiinfections iiwith iicatalase ii(+) iiorganisms: iiS. iiaureus, iiAspergillus ii&
iiNocardia
MPO iideficiency ii- iiAnswers ii-Recurrent iicandida iiinfections
, Wiskott-Aldrich iisyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-mutation iiin iiWAS iigene; iiabnormal
iicytoskeleton iiof iiB ii& iiT iicells ii
- iiEczema, iirecurrent iirespiratory iiinfections, iithrombocytopenia
Chediak-Higashi iisyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Mutation iiin iiLYST ii(lysosomal iitrafficking iigene
iiregulator) iiwhich iicauses iiaccumulation iiof iilarge iicytoplasmic iigranules iithat iicannot
iifuse iiwith iilysosomes
- iiincrease iiof iibacterial, iiviral, iiand iifungal iiinfections
- iiAlbinism, iiphotophobia, iisilver iihair
Coccidioidomycosis ii- iiAnswers ii-fungal iiinfection iiendemic iito iiSouthwest iiUS ii&
iiCalifornia
- iirespiratory iiillness, iifever, iifatigue, iicough, iiarthralgia
Lambert-Eaton iiMyasthenic iiSyndrome ii(LEMS) ii- iiAnswers ii-Auto-Immune; iiantibodies
iiformed iiagainst iivoltage iigated iiCa2+ iichannels iiat iiNMJ; iiIMPAIRED iiPRESYNAPTIC
iiACH iiRELEASE
- iiSx: iiskeletal iimuscle iiweakness iiin iilimbs ii(improves iiw/ iiactivity)
- iiparaneoplastic iisyndrome iiassoc iiw/ iismall iicell iilung iicarcinoma
round iiligament ii- iiAnswers ii-binds iiuterus iito iilabia iimajora
- iicommonly iileads iito iipain iiduring iipregnancy
mesothelioma ii- iiAnswers ii-pleural iieffusion ii& iiscalloped iipleural iidensity; iithick, iifirm,
iiwhite iipleural iitumor
- iiinterstitial iifibrosis
- iiASBESTOSIS: iiworking iiin iia iishipyard, iiroofing ii& iiplumbing
biggest iirisk iifactor iifor iicomplications iiw/ iiuse iiof iiOCPs ii- iiAnswers ii-tobacco iismoking
iiin iipatients ii>35 iiyears
- iicontraindications: iihistory iiof iiDVT, iiPE, iistroke, iiMI, iiHTN, iimigraine iiw/ iiaura,
iicirrhosis ii& iicurrent iibreast iicancer
Pores iiof iiKohn ii- iiAnswers ii-small iiopenings iiin iithe iialveolar iiwalls iithat iiallow iigases,
iifluid, iimacrophages ii& iiBACTERIA iito iitravel iibetween iithe iialveoli
difference iib/w iiKwashiorkor ii& iiMarasmus ii- iiAnswers ii-- iikwashiorkor ii(edematous
iimalnutrition): iimarasmus iiPLUS iiEDEMA
- iimarasmus ii(WASTING iiSYNDROME): iiskin iilesions, iifatty iiliver, iiacute iiprotein-energy
iimalnutrition iiwith iidecreased iiarm iicircumference, iiweight iiper iilength iior iiBMI
deformation ii- iiAnswers ii-disruption iiin iiorgan iimorphogenesis iioccurring iiAFTER
iiembryonic iiperiod; iiextrinsic iiforce iilimits iinormal iiorgan iidevelopment
vascular iichanges iiin iichronic iiHTN ii- iiAnswers ii-- iihyaline iiarteriolosclerosis: iiprotein
iideposition iiin iivessel iiwalls ii
- iihyperplastic iiarteriosclerosis ii(arteriolitis): iiconcentric iithickening iiof iivessel iiwall iiw/
iilaminar iiappearance iicaused iiby iiproliferation iiof iismooth iimuscle iicells
- iicommonly iiaffects iirenal iiarterioles
Nodular iiglomerulosclerosis ii- iiAnswers ii-assoc iiw/ iidiabetic iinephropathy ii&
iiamyloidosis
supraoptic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iiADH iisecretion iifrom iipituitary ii& iiurine
iiconcentration
anterior iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-thermoregulation ii(cooling)
arcuate iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-appetite iistimulation
dorsomedial iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-regulation iiof iifeeding ii& iicircadian
iirhythm
lateral iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-promotes iiappetite ii(GHRELIN)
posterior iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-thermoregulating ii(heating)
ventromedial iihypothalamic iinucleus ii- iiAnswers ii-satiety ii(LEPTIN)
osteopetrosis ii- iiAnswers ii-excessive iimineralization iiof iibone ii& iifailure iiof iiosteoclastic
iiresorption ii
- iimutation iiin iimacrophage iicolony iistimulating iifactor
,achondroplasia ii- iiAnswers ii-human iidwarfism
- iiAD iimutation iiin iifibroblast iigrowth iifactor iireceptor ii3 ii(FGFR3) iigene
porphyria iicutanea iitarda ii- iiAnswers ii-severe iicutaneous iiphotosensitivity iiwith
iiblistering ii& iihyperpigmentation iiafter iiexposure iito iisunlight ii
- iidecreased iiactivity iiof iiuroporphyringoen iidecarboxylase iienzyme iiin iithe iiproduction
iiof iiHEME
CD8+ iiT iilymphocytes ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iiCLEARING iia iivirus ii
- iiclass iiI iiMHC iireceptors iipresent iia iivirus iito iiCD8+ iiT iicell iion iian iiAPC
- iiCD8+ iiT iicell iihas iia iispecific iiTCR iifor iithe iivirus; iiresponds iiby iisecreting
iiinflammatory iimediators ii(to iiattract iiother iicells) iiperforin/granzyme iior iiinteracting iiwith
iiFas/FasL iito iitrigger iiapoptosis
Class iiII iiMHC ii- iiAnswers ii-are iion iithe iisurface iiof iiantigen-presenting iicells ii(APCs),
iiincluding iiB iicells
- iitrigger iiCD4+ iiT iicells, iiwhich iirecruit iiCD8+ iicytotoxic iiT iicells
PKU ii- iiAnswers ii-deficiency iiof iiphenylalanine iihydroxylase ii
- iisupplementation iiof iiTYROSINE iiis iirequired iifor iisynthesis iiof iicatecholamines
ii(norepinephrine, iiepinephrine ii& iidopamine)
leuprolide ii- iiAnswers ii-GnRH iiagonist iiused iifor iithe iitreatment iiof iiprostate iicancer
- iidecreased iiLH ii& iitestosterone iirelease
production iiof iiprogesterone iiduring iipregnancy ii- iiAnswers ii-- iifirst ii7-10 iiweeks:
iiCORPUS iiLUTEUM ii(stimulating iiby iihCG iifrom iiplacenta)
>10 iiweeks: iiplacenta
Chronic iigranulomatous iidisease ii- iiAnswers ii-X-linked iimutation iiaffecting iiNADPH
iioxidase iicausing iidysfunctioning iineutrophils iiand iioxidative iiburst
- iirecurrent iiinfections iiwith iicatalase ii(+) iiorganisms: iiS. iiaureus, iiAspergillus ii&
iiNocardia
MPO iideficiency ii- iiAnswers ii-Recurrent iicandida iiinfections
, Wiskott-Aldrich iisyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-mutation iiin iiWAS iigene; iiabnormal
iicytoskeleton iiof iiB ii& iiT iicells ii
- iiEczema, iirecurrent iirespiratory iiinfections, iithrombocytopenia
Chediak-Higashi iisyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Mutation iiin iiLYST ii(lysosomal iitrafficking iigene
iiregulator) iiwhich iicauses iiaccumulation iiof iilarge iicytoplasmic iigranules iithat iicannot
iifuse iiwith iilysosomes
- iiincrease iiof iibacterial, iiviral, iiand iifungal iiinfections
- iiAlbinism, iiphotophobia, iisilver iihair
Coccidioidomycosis ii- iiAnswers ii-fungal iiinfection iiendemic iito iiSouthwest iiUS ii&
iiCalifornia
- iirespiratory iiillness, iifever, iifatigue, iicough, iiarthralgia
Lambert-Eaton iiMyasthenic iiSyndrome ii(LEMS) ii- iiAnswers ii-Auto-Immune; iiantibodies
iiformed iiagainst iivoltage iigated iiCa2+ iichannels iiat iiNMJ; iiIMPAIRED iiPRESYNAPTIC
iiACH iiRELEASE
- iiSx: iiskeletal iimuscle iiweakness iiin iilimbs ii(improves iiw/ iiactivity)
- iiparaneoplastic iisyndrome iiassoc iiw/ iismall iicell iilung iicarcinoma
round iiligament ii- iiAnswers ii-binds iiuterus iito iilabia iimajora
- iicommonly iileads iito iipain iiduring iipregnancy
mesothelioma ii- iiAnswers ii-pleural iieffusion ii& iiscalloped iipleural iidensity; iithick, iifirm,
iiwhite iipleural iitumor
- iiinterstitial iifibrosis
- iiASBESTOSIS: iiworking iiin iia iishipyard, iiroofing ii& iiplumbing
biggest iirisk iifactor iifor iicomplications iiw/ iiuse iiof iiOCPs ii- iiAnswers ii-tobacco iismoking
iiin iipatients ii>35 iiyears
- iicontraindications: iihistory iiof iiDVT, iiPE, iistroke, iiMI, iiHTN, iimigraine iiw/ iiaura,
iicirrhosis ii& iicurrent iibreast iicancer
Pores iiof iiKohn ii- iiAnswers ii-small iiopenings iiin iithe iialveolar iiwalls iithat iiallow iigases,
iifluid, iimacrophages ii& iiBACTERIA iito iitravel iibetween iithe iialveoli
