ENA Neurological Emergencies 3.0 Exam
Questions With Solutions
Which disorder requires a biopsy for a definitive diagnosis?
A. Myasthenia gravis
B. Meningitis
C. Guillain-Barr syndrome
D. Temporal arteritis D
The definitive diagnosis of temporal arteritis requires a biopsy of the temporal artery. The
diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is based on symptoms, antibody testing, electrophysiology
testing, and the patient's response to the edrophonium (Tensilon). The diagnosis of meningitis is
confirmed by a lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid examination and culture and sensitivity
testing. The diagnosis of Guillain-Barr&#-61;&#-87; syndrome is made through history, physical
examination, and cerebrospinal fluid examination.
Which condition poses the greatest risk for a stroke caused by a thrombus?
A. Recent femur fracture
B. Carotid stenosis
, ENA Neurological Emergencies 3.0 Exam
Questions With Solutions
C. Recent abdominal surgery
D. Atrial fibrillation B
Carotid stenosis is a common cause of transient ischemic attacks and stroke due to thrombus. A
patient with a recent fracture of a long bone (such as the femur) or surgery (such as abdominal
surgery) is at risk for a stroke caused by an embolic occlusion. A patient with atrial fibrillation,
which can cause clot formation in the left atrium, also is at risk for a stroke caused by an embolic
occlusion.
In which condition is placing the patient in droplet isolation a priority?
A. Temporal arteritis
B. Bacterial meningitis
C. Febrile seizures
D. Guillain-Barr syndrome B
Bacterial meningitis can be spread through airborne droplets or contact with oral secretions from
infected individuals. Therefore, you should place all patients with suspected bacterial meningitis
, ENA Neurological Emergencies 3.0 Exam
Questions With Solutions
in droplet isolation for the first 24 hours of antibiotic therapy. Patients with temporal arteritis,
febrile seizures, and Guillain-Barr syndrome require only standard precautions.
Which finding is associated with a hemorrhagic stroke?
A. Constricted pupils
B. Rapid neurologic decline
C. Tachypnea
D. Decreasing pulse pressure B
A patient with a hemorrhagic stroke may experience a rapid neurologic decline, dilated pupil(s)
due to pressure from the shifting brain tissue pressing on cranial nerve III (oculomotor nerve), a
rapid decline in mental status and respiratory effort (bradypnea), and abrupt increases in
intracranial pressure due to the blood volume pressing on the brain tissues (widened pulse
pressure).
A patient presents with a high fever, stiff neck, petechial rash, and lethargy. Which medication
should you expect to administer?
Questions With Solutions
Which disorder requires a biopsy for a definitive diagnosis?
A. Myasthenia gravis
B. Meningitis
C. Guillain-Barr syndrome
D. Temporal arteritis D
The definitive diagnosis of temporal arteritis requires a biopsy of the temporal artery. The
diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is based on symptoms, antibody testing, electrophysiology
testing, and the patient's response to the edrophonium (Tensilon). The diagnosis of meningitis is
confirmed by a lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid examination and culture and sensitivity
testing. The diagnosis of Guillain-Barr&#-61;&#-87; syndrome is made through history, physical
examination, and cerebrospinal fluid examination.
Which condition poses the greatest risk for a stroke caused by a thrombus?
A. Recent femur fracture
B. Carotid stenosis
, ENA Neurological Emergencies 3.0 Exam
Questions With Solutions
C. Recent abdominal surgery
D. Atrial fibrillation B
Carotid stenosis is a common cause of transient ischemic attacks and stroke due to thrombus. A
patient with a recent fracture of a long bone (such as the femur) or surgery (such as abdominal
surgery) is at risk for a stroke caused by an embolic occlusion. A patient with atrial fibrillation,
which can cause clot formation in the left atrium, also is at risk for a stroke caused by an embolic
occlusion.
In which condition is placing the patient in droplet isolation a priority?
A. Temporal arteritis
B. Bacterial meningitis
C. Febrile seizures
D. Guillain-Barr syndrome B
Bacterial meningitis can be spread through airborne droplets or contact with oral secretions from
infected individuals. Therefore, you should place all patients with suspected bacterial meningitis
, ENA Neurological Emergencies 3.0 Exam
Questions With Solutions
in droplet isolation for the first 24 hours of antibiotic therapy. Patients with temporal arteritis,
febrile seizures, and Guillain-Barr syndrome require only standard precautions.
Which finding is associated with a hemorrhagic stroke?
A. Constricted pupils
B. Rapid neurologic decline
C. Tachypnea
D. Decreasing pulse pressure B
A patient with a hemorrhagic stroke may experience a rapid neurologic decline, dilated pupil(s)
due to pressure from the shifting brain tissue pressing on cranial nerve III (oculomotor nerve), a
rapid decline in mental status and respiratory effort (bradypnea), and abrupt increases in
intracranial pressure due to the blood volume pressing on the brain tissues (widened pulse
pressure).
A patient presents with a high fever, stiff neck, petechial rash, and lethargy. Which medication
should you expect to administer?
