Bio 182 Exam 1 questions with complete
solutions
Common Descent - correct answer ✔✔principle that all living things were derived from common
ancestors
Natural Selection - correct answer ✔✔Differential reproductive success of individuals of a population,
due to inherited differences between them. IE Some individuals have lots of strong traits or adaptations,
that allow them to live longer and mate more.
What is the result of Natural Selection? - correct answer ✔✔Evolution
Evolution - correct answer ✔✔a change in the allele frequencies in a population over an extended
period of time.
Homology - correct answer ✔✔Similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestry.
Biogeography - correct answer ✔✔dealing with the geographical distribution of animals and plants
Comparative Anatomy - correct answer ✔✔The comparison of body structures and how they vary
among species
Karyotype - correct answer ✔✔A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs
Fossils - correct answer ✔✔works because of the formation of sedimentary rocks. Best fossils come from
ocean sediments.
Scientific Theory - correct answer ✔✔A broad explanation that has been subjected to a lot of testing,
that reliably gives up accurate predictions.
A Theory tells you why something is true
, Scientific Theory - correct answer ✔✔1. Helps explain the why of things that we already know to be true.
2. Reveals connections between known facts that are not already known to be true.
3. Allows to accurately predict new facts (most important)
Biological species concept - correct answer ✔✔A group of similar organisms, that will mate with one
another under natural conditions. And produce fertile offspring.
Morphological Species concept - correct answer ✔✔(Most species identified using this method)
Organisms are classified in the same species if they appear identified by morphological (anatomical)
criteria. This is used when species do not reproduce sexually.
Reproductive isolation - correct answer ✔✔collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological
processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing
offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced is not fertile. These barriers maintain
the integrity of a species over time, reducing or directly impeding gene flow between individuals of
different species, allowing the conservation of each species' characteristics
Reproductive Barriers - correct answer ✔✔a biological feature of a species that prevents it from
interbreeding with other species even when populations of the two species live together
Allopatric speciation - correct answer ✔✔Step 1. Geographic Isolation- A barrier is put in place to stop
migration of a specific population of species. (gene flow)
Step 2. A separate population of the species must be subjected to a very different set of environmental
conditions.
Either one alone would not cause a major change in the population. They have to happen together.
Sympatric Speciation - correct answer ✔✔(more common in plants)
A speciation in which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same
geographic region.
Punctuated Equilibrium - correct answer ✔✔The species is in equilibrium with its environment.
Punctuated by short bursts of evolutionary change.
solutions
Common Descent - correct answer ✔✔principle that all living things were derived from common
ancestors
Natural Selection - correct answer ✔✔Differential reproductive success of individuals of a population,
due to inherited differences between them. IE Some individuals have lots of strong traits or adaptations,
that allow them to live longer and mate more.
What is the result of Natural Selection? - correct answer ✔✔Evolution
Evolution - correct answer ✔✔a change in the allele frequencies in a population over an extended
period of time.
Homology - correct answer ✔✔Similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestry.
Biogeography - correct answer ✔✔dealing with the geographical distribution of animals and plants
Comparative Anatomy - correct answer ✔✔The comparison of body structures and how they vary
among species
Karyotype - correct answer ✔✔A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs
Fossils - correct answer ✔✔works because of the formation of sedimentary rocks. Best fossils come from
ocean sediments.
Scientific Theory - correct answer ✔✔A broad explanation that has been subjected to a lot of testing,
that reliably gives up accurate predictions.
A Theory tells you why something is true
, Scientific Theory - correct answer ✔✔1. Helps explain the why of things that we already know to be true.
2. Reveals connections between known facts that are not already known to be true.
3. Allows to accurately predict new facts (most important)
Biological species concept - correct answer ✔✔A group of similar organisms, that will mate with one
another under natural conditions. And produce fertile offspring.
Morphological Species concept - correct answer ✔✔(Most species identified using this method)
Organisms are classified in the same species if they appear identified by morphological (anatomical)
criteria. This is used when species do not reproduce sexually.
Reproductive isolation - correct answer ✔✔collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological
processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing
offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced is not fertile. These barriers maintain
the integrity of a species over time, reducing or directly impeding gene flow between individuals of
different species, allowing the conservation of each species' characteristics
Reproductive Barriers - correct answer ✔✔a biological feature of a species that prevents it from
interbreeding with other species even when populations of the two species live together
Allopatric speciation - correct answer ✔✔Step 1. Geographic Isolation- A barrier is put in place to stop
migration of a specific population of species. (gene flow)
Step 2. A separate population of the species must be subjected to a very different set of environmental
conditions.
Either one alone would not cause a major change in the population. They have to happen together.
Sympatric Speciation - correct answer ✔✔(more common in plants)
A speciation in which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same
geographic region.
Punctuated Equilibrium - correct answer ✔✔The species is in equilibrium with its environment.
Punctuated by short bursts of evolutionary change.
