NURS561 Exam 1 Guide With
Complete Solution
Sensitivity
ability to detect the disease when it is present
probability that a test result will be positive when the person has the disease
Specificity
ability to correctly identify absence of disease
probability that a test result will be negative when the person does not have
the disease
Primary prevention
designed to prevent the onset of a condition
most cost effective form of healthcare
ex: education, exerside, diet
secondary prevention
designed to identify and treat asymptomatic persons who have already
developed risk factors but the disease is not clinically apparent
Tertiary prevention
care of established disease with attempts made to restore to highest
function, minimize the negative effects of disease, and prevent disease
,related complications
primary prevention
aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs
legislation for banning asbestos and mandating seatbelt use, bike helmets,
education about healthy habits, and immunizations
secondary prevention
aunts to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred or
for which there is risk
mammograms screening for breast cancer, daily low dose ASA, daily exercise
to prevent further heart attacks or stroke, and modified work so that an
injured or ill workers can safely do their job.
tertiary prevention
aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting
effects
cardiac rehab programs or chronic disease management programs, support
groups that allow members to share strategies for living well, speech therapy
following a CVA
Prevalence
estimate of how many people have a specific disease, condition or risk factor
AT A GIVEN POINT IN TIME
prevalence rates DO NOT CHANGE from year to year until there is a new
survey
,Government agencies periodically conduct health examination surveys. Rates
for specific diseases are calculated from those surveys. These rates are
applied as the population changes for several years until a new health
examination survey is done and new rates are established.
Incidence
an estimate of how many NEW cases (or rate of development) of a disease
develop in a population over or in a given time period.
For some diseases, new and recurrent attacks or cases are combined. The
incidence of a cardiovascular disease in the US is estimated by multiplying
the incidence rates reported in community or hospital based studies by the
US population.
the rates ARE NOT computed annually, they change only when new data is
available.
Mortality
refers to the incidence of death in a population.
mortality figures are the most accurate data available for assessing the
impact of CV diseases and stroke.
These data are compiled from death certificated and are sent by the state
health agencies to the National Center for Health Statistics.
There the information is verified and tabulated by cause of death, age, sex,
race, ethnicity, for the US and each state.
Morbidity
refers to the incidence of ill health in a population.
, Data is collected by organizations such as the CDC and WHO by gender, area,
age, and other demographics.
Morbity scores or predicted morbidity are assigned to ill patients with the
help of systems such as Glasgow coma scale.
Death rate
a ratio between mortality and population. Nation death rates are computed
per 100,000 population. Dividing the mortality by the population results in a
crude death rate.
Vaccines are generally NOT contraindicated with mild acute illnesses with low
grade fevers, antibiotic therapy, soreness/redness at the site and family
history of adverse affects.
true
Hep B
exposure risk, chronic liver disease, HIV, hep C infection, travel to endemic
areas, IVDU.
Schedule: first dose at birth, 2d @ 1-2 months, 3d @ 6-15months
Influenza Vaccine
one dose annually
Best given in October or nocemeber but can be given anytime during flu
Complete Solution
Sensitivity
ability to detect the disease when it is present
probability that a test result will be positive when the person has the disease
Specificity
ability to correctly identify absence of disease
probability that a test result will be negative when the person does not have
the disease
Primary prevention
designed to prevent the onset of a condition
most cost effective form of healthcare
ex: education, exerside, diet
secondary prevention
designed to identify and treat asymptomatic persons who have already
developed risk factors but the disease is not clinically apparent
Tertiary prevention
care of established disease with attempts made to restore to highest
function, minimize the negative effects of disease, and prevent disease
,related complications
primary prevention
aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs
legislation for banning asbestos and mandating seatbelt use, bike helmets,
education about healthy habits, and immunizations
secondary prevention
aunts to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred or
for which there is risk
mammograms screening for breast cancer, daily low dose ASA, daily exercise
to prevent further heart attacks or stroke, and modified work so that an
injured or ill workers can safely do their job.
tertiary prevention
aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting
effects
cardiac rehab programs or chronic disease management programs, support
groups that allow members to share strategies for living well, speech therapy
following a CVA
Prevalence
estimate of how many people have a specific disease, condition or risk factor
AT A GIVEN POINT IN TIME
prevalence rates DO NOT CHANGE from year to year until there is a new
survey
,Government agencies periodically conduct health examination surveys. Rates
for specific diseases are calculated from those surveys. These rates are
applied as the population changes for several years until a new health
examination survey is done and new rates are established.
Incidence
an estimate of how many NEW cases (or rate of development) of a disease
develop in a population over or in a given time period.
For some diseases, new and recurrent attacks or cases are combined. The
incidence of a cardiovascular disease in the US is estimated by multiplying
the incidence rates reported in community or hospital based studies by the
US population.
the rates ARE NOT computed annually, they change only when new data is
available.
Mortality
refers to the incidence of death in a population.
mortality figures are the most accurate data available for assessing the
impact of CV diseases and stroke.
These data are compiled from death certificated and are sent by the state
health agencies to the National Center for Health Statistics.
There the information is verified and tabulated by cause of death, age, sex,
race, ethnicity, for the US and each state.
Morbidity
refers to the incidence of ill health in a population.
, Data is collected by organizations such as the CDC and WHO by gender, area,
age, and other demographics.
Morbity scores or predicted morbidity are assigned to ill patients with the
help of systems such as Glasgow coma scale.
Death rate
a ratio between mortality and population. Nation death rates are computed
per 100,000 population. Dividing the mortality by the population results in a
crude death rate.
Vaccines are generally NOT contraindicated with mild acute illnesses with low
grade fevers, antibiotic therapy, soreness/redness at the site and family
history of adverse affects.
true
Hep B
exposure risk, chronic liver disease, HIV, hep C infection, travel to endemic
areas, IVDU.
Schedule: first dose at birth, 2d @ 1-2 months, 3d @ 6-15months
Influenza Vaccine
one dose annually
Best given in October or nocemeber but can be given anytime during flu
