10/16/24, 2:06 PM OB Nursing 2 - Lecture notes Lecture notes
OB NURSING 2.10 NURSE ANGIE 2018
New bo r n Nu tr itio n
PRINCIPLES
‣ At birth, the passive intake of nutrition ends and FEEDING TYPES
the newborn must actively consume and digest Two main types of nourishment suitable for the healthy
food term newborn:
‣ Newborn has unique nutritional needs ‣ Breast milk
‣ Healthy term newborn requires
‣ 80 to 100 mL/kg/day of water to maintain fluid ‣ Commercial formula
balance and growth
‣ 100 to 115 kcal/kg/day to meet energy needs Two delivery methods:
for growth and development ‣ Breast
‣ Bottle
BREASTFEEDING
‣ Recommended method for feeding newborns Feeding method choices:
‣ Breast milk is nutritionally superior to commercial ‣ Breastfeed exclusively
formulas ‣ Breastfeed and supplement with expressed breast milk in a
‣ The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) bottle
recommends ‣ Breastfeed and supplement with formula
‣ Exclusive breast-feeding until 6 months of age ‣ Formula-feed exclusively
‣ Continuation of breast-feeding until at least 12
months of age
‣ Healthy People 2020 goals
‣ Increase proportion of women who breastfeed
the babies
Maternal Advantages
‣
More rapid uterine involution, less Newborn Advantages Disadvantages
bleeding in the postpartum period
‣
Breast milk contains substances that Maternal conditions or situations in which
‣ facilitate critical periods of growth breast-feeding is contraindicated
Stress levels decrease; may enhance ‣
Illegal drug use
immune function and development, particularly in the ‣
Active untreated tuberculosis
‣
More sleep at night; weight loss is brain, immune system, and ‣
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
faster on average gastrointestinal tract infection
‣
‣ Chemotherapy treatment
‣
Long-term advantages Breast milk provides immunologic ‣
Herpetic lesions on the breast
‣
Decreased incidence of ovarian and properties ‣
Newborn contraindications
‣
premenopausal breast cancers Lower incidences of otitis media, ‣
Galactosemia
‣
‣ diarrhea, and lower respiratory tract Phenylketonuria
Potential osteoporosis protection ‣
Other medical conditions
‣ infections
Additional research needed ‣
‣
Mother producing insufficient breast
No physiologic disadvantages to milk
either the woman or the newborn
FACTORS THAT AFFECT
FEEDING
Culture In the United States: Sociodemographic
‣
Acceptability of breastfeeding ‣
83% (highest): Asian or ‣
Breastfeeding rates differ by age, amount of education,
in public Pacific Islander descent and socioeconomic status
‣
Amount and quality of family ‣
–59% (lowest): Non-Hispanic ‣
Past experiences of a woman and her support system
and community support African American women ‣
The feeding experiences and attitudes of the individuals
‣
When a woman initiates breastfeeding ‣
–Hispanic or Latino: Higher initiation who compose a woman’s support system strongly
‣
How many times per day a woman rates (81%) than white women at 77% influence a
breastfeeds ‣
–Hispanic women are more likely woman’s choice of feeding method
‣
Whether or not a woman supplements to breastfeed if they are of ‣
Intent to return to work or school
‣
When a woman stops breastfeeding Plays an important role in a woman’s feeding choice
Mexican ‣
descent and have not completely
‣
Nursing considerations: provide education, support the woman
acculturated
1
about:blank 1/1
OB NURSING 2.10 NURSE ANGIE 2018
New bo r n Nu tr itio n
PRINCIPLES
‣ At birth, the passive intake of nutrition ends and FEEDING TYPES
the newborn must actively consume and digest Two main types of nourishment suitable for the healthy
food term newborn:
‣ Newborn has unique nutritional needs ‣ Breast milk
‣ Healthy term newborn requires
‣ 80 to 100 mL/kg/day of water to maintain fluid ‣ Commercial formula
balance and growth
‣ 100 to 115 kcal/kg/day to meet energy needs Two delivery methods:
for growth and development ‣ Breast
‣ Bottle
BREASTFEEDING
‣ Recommended method for feeding newborns Feeding method choices:
‣ Breast milk is nutritionally superior to commercial ‣ Breastfeed exclusively
formulas ‣ Breastfeed and supplement with expressed breast milk in a
‣ The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) bottle
recommends ‣ Breastfeed and supplement with formula
‣ Exclusive breast-feeding until 6 months of age ‣ Formula-feed exclusively
‣ Continuation of breast-feeding until at least 12
months of age
‣ Healthy People 2020 goals
‣ Increase proportion of women who breastfeed
the babies
Maternal Advantages
‣
More rapid uterine involution, less Newborn Advantages Disadvantages
bleeding in the postpartum period
‣
Breast milk contains substances that Maternal conditions or situations in which
‣ facilitate critical periods of growth breast-feeding is contraindicated
Stress levels decrease; may enhance ‣
Illegal drug use
immune function and development, particularly in the ‣
Active untreated tuberculosis
‣
More sleep at night; weight loss is brain, immune system, and ‣
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
faster on average gastrointestinal tract infection
‣
‣ Chemotherapy treatment
‣
Long-term advantages Breast milk provides immunologic ‣
Herpetic lesions on the breast
‣
Decreased incidence of ovarian and properties ‣
Newborn contraindications
‣
premenopausal breast cancers Lower incidences of otitis media, ‣
Galactosemia
‣
‣ diarrhea, and lower respiratory tract Phenylketonuria
Potential osteoporosis protection ‣
Other medical conditions
‣ infections
Additional research needed ‣
‣
Mother producing insufficient breast
No physiologic disadvantages to milk
either the woman or the newborn
FACTORS THAT AFFECT
FEEDING
Culture In the United States: Sociodemographic
‣
Acceptability of breastfeeding ‣
83% (highest): Asian or ‣
Breastfeeding rates differ by age, amount of education,
in public Pacific Islander descent and socioeconomic status
‣
Amount and quality of family ‣
–59% (lowest): Non-Hispanic ‣
Past experiences of a woman and her support system
and community support African American women ‣
The feeding experiences and attitudes of the individuals
‣
When a woman initiates breastfeeding ‣
–Hispanic or Latino: Higher initiation who compose a woman’s support system strongly
‣
How many times per day a woman rates (81%) than white women at 77% influence a
breastfeeds ‣
–Hispanic women are more likely woman’s choice of feeding method
‣
Whether or not a woman supplements to breastfeed if they are of ‣
Intent to return to work or school
‣
When a woman stops breastfeeding Plays an important role in a woman’s feeding choice
Mexican ‣
descent and have not completely
‣
Nursing considerations: provide education, support the woman
acculturated
1
about:blank 1/1
