PSYC 325 Exam 1 Questions with correct answers
Primary Roles of Counseling Psychology Correct Answer-Remedial,
Preventive, and Developmental
Remedial Correct Answer-- assisting individuals and groups in
remedying existing problems.
- Aiding an issue or problem someone has.
- Ex: Personal-social, individual psychotherapy, group, or couple
therapy. Crisis intervention, therapeutic services
Preventative Correct Answer-- Assisting individuals and groups in
preventing the development of problems.
- To try and stop something from happening. Avoiding future issues.
Proactive in solving problems that may occur in the future.
- Key feature is to help clients make changes in their personal and
interpersonal environments to minimize the occurrence of problems and
forestall remedial work.
- Ex: May focus on "psychoeducational programs"
Developmental Correct Answer-- assisting individuals and groups in
discovering and enhancing their potential.
- Focus is on enhancement of attitudes to maximize effectiveness and
satisfaction with everyday problems.
- Ex: skill training interventions, couples and growth groups, workshops
and seminars, etc.
- Equity vs equality example
,Five central values of counseling: Correct Answer-1- Strengths and
optimal functioning
2- Lifespan development and vocational growth
3- Social Justice and Multicultural Awareness
4- Brief, educational, and preventive counseling interventions
5- Scientist-practitioner model (Boulder Model)
Strengths and Optimal Functioning Correct Answer-- Focus on people's
assets and strengths and on positive mental health, regardless of the
degree of disturbance
- Counseling seeks to go beyond the average and improve to full
potential, rather than just working with the extremely ill.
- Deinstitutionalization movement: Dorothea Dix circa 1850's
- Humanization: Clifford Beers' 1908 "A Mind that Found Itself"
- Potential for development and improvement: Mightner Whitmer
establishing a children's clinic at U of Pennsylvania in 1900s.
Lifespan Development and Vocational Growth Correct Answer-- Piaget,
Erikson, Vygotsky, Maccoby, and Kohlberg have developmental
models.
- Unique focus on individuals' needs across their entire lifespan with an
emphasis on changes in life status.
- Study vocational choice and development and provide services to
enhance career development and treat vocational problems.
, - Developed from World War veterans and the great depression/
Industrial Revolution.
- Frank Parsons 3 steps to career counseling Know thyself (ex:
knowledge, skills, ability) Know the job (ex: requirements,
compensation, opportunities Know the regulations of those two domains
- Role of vocational guidance in modern practice.
- Changes and transitions through life are part of the "whole person"
and, as such, relevant in counseling psychology.
Social Justice and Multicultural Awareness Correct Answer-- Reinforce
advocacy and social justice.
- Environmental context and overall context
Interaction between the person and the environment/psychologist. Power
and privilege in context.
- 3 historical elements contributing: Roots in measurement (ex: Galton,
Cattle, Binet), Awareness of the role "environment" (ex: Kurt Lewin's
B=f(P,E) ), Cultural context
- Individuals do not exist in vacuums and are influenced by numerous
internal and external factors.
Brief, Educational, and Preventive Interventions Correct Answer--
Psychotherapy (long-term treatment) vs. Counseling (short term therapy)
- What does brief even mean? Depends on who you ask.
- E.G. Williamson (1939): Goal oriented, focused counseling of college
students after WWII
- Carl Rogers: Humanistic, client-centered approach
Primary Roles of Counseling Psychology Correct Answer-Remedial,
Preventive, and Developmental
Remedial Correct Answer-- assisting individuals and groups in
remedying existing problems.
- Aiding an issue or problem someone has.
- Ex: Personal-social, individual psychotherapy, group, or couple
therapy. Crisis intervention, therapeutic services
Preventative Correct Answer-- Assisting individuals and groups in
preventing the development of problems.
- To try and stop something from happening. Avoiding future issues.
Proactive in solving problems that may occur in the future.
- Key feature is to help clients make changes in their personal and
interpersonal environments to minimize the occurrence of problems and
forestall remedial work.
- Ex: May focus on "psychoeducational programs"
Developmental Correct Answer-- assisting individuals and groups in
discovering and enhancing their potential.
- Focus is on enhancement of attitudes to maximize effectiveness and
satisfaction with everyday problems.
- Ex: skill training interventions, couples and growth groups, workshops
and seminars, etc.
- Equity vs equality example
,Five central values of counseling: Correct Answer-1- Strengths and
optimal functioning
2- Lifespan development and vocational growth
3- Social Justice and Multicultural Awareness
4- Brief, educational, and preventive counseling interventions
5- Scientist-practitioner model (Boulder Model)
Strengths and Optimal Functioning Correct Answer-- Focus on people's
assets and strengths and on positive mental health, regardless of the
degree of disturbance
- Counseling seeks to go beyond the average and improve to full
potential, rather than just working with the extremely ill.
- Deinstitutionalization movement: Dorothea Dix circa 1850's
- Humanization: Clifford Beers' 1908 "A Mind that Found Itself"
- Potential for development and improvement: Mightner Whitmer
establishing a children's clinic at U of Pennsylvania in 1900s.
Lifespan Development and Vocational Growth Correct Answer-- Piaget,
Erikson, Vygotsky, Maccoby, and Kohlberg have developmental
models.
- Unique focus on individuals' needs across their entire lifespan with an
emphasis on changes in life status.
- Study vocational choice and development and provide services to
enhance career development and treat vocational problems.
, - Developed from World War veterans and the great depression/
Industrial Revolution.
- Frank Parsons 3 steps to career counseling Know thyself (ex:
knowledge, skills, ability) Know the job (ex: requirements,
compensation, opportunities Know the regulations of those two domains
- Role of vocational guidance in modern practice.
- Changes and transitions through life are part of the "whole person"
and, as such, relevant in counseling psychology.
Social Justice and Multicultural Awareness Correct Answer-- Reinforce
advocacy and social justice.
- Environmental context and overall context
Interaction between the person and the environment/psychologist. Power
and privilege in context.
- 3 historical elements contributing: Roots in measurement (ex: Galton,
Cattle, Binet), Awareness of the role "environment" (ex: Kurt Lewin's
B=f(P,E) ), Cultural context
- Individuals do not exist in vacuums and are influenced by numerous
internal and external factors.
Brief, Educational, and Preventive Interventions Correct Answer--
Psychotherapy (long-term treatment) vs. Counseling (short term therapy)
- What does brief even mean? Depends on who you ask.
- E.G. Williamson (1939): Goal oriented, focused counseling of college
students after WWII
- Carl Rogers: Humanistic, client-centered approach
