SHARP Foundations Module 2 Sexual Assault (For VAs
And SARCs) – Qs And As
Define victim Right Ans - Any person who suffered direct physical or
emotional harm as the result of a sexual or violent offense.
Define victimology Right Ans - The relationships between victims and
offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system,
and the criminal justice system, and the connections between victims and
other social groups and institutions such as the media businesses, and social
movements
Define consent Right Ans - Freely given agreement to the conduct at issue
by a competent person
What would inhibit someone from giving consent? Right Ans -
-Sleeping/unconscious
-Incompetence due to drugs or alcohol
-Age
Define trauma Right Ans - A person who experienced, witnessed, or was
confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death
or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of the self or others. A
person's response to the event involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror
List at least 5 reactions to sexual assault. Right Ans - -Intense feelings
-Pervasive fear, anxiety, and phobic behavior
-Numbness
-Cognitive disorganization and helplessness
-Somatic complaints to include sleeping and eating difficulties
-Withdrawal, alienation, and mistrust
-Feelings of humiliation and self-blame
-Not feeling like oneself
List at least 5 physical responses to trauma. Right Ans - -Aches and pains
-Sudden sweating/heart palpitations
-Changes in sleep, appetite, or interest in sex
-Constipation or diarrhea
,-Easily startled
-Susceptible to colds and illness
-Increased use of alcohol/drugs/food
Define PTSD Right Ans - A severe condition that may develop after a
person is exposed to one or more traumatic events and in one of the most
common mental health disorders among sexual assault victims
(True/False) People who suffer from PTSD often relive the sexual assault
Right Ans - True
What are the 4 symptoms of PTSD discussed in class? Right Ans - -Reliving
the event
-Avoiding situations that remind you of the event
-Negative changes in beliefs and feelings
-Feeling keyed up
What are the 3 PTSD coping mechanisms discussed in class. Right Ans - 1.
Self-blame: an attribution people employ to defend against the reality of
helplessness and the terror of a repetition
2. Self-harm: Includes self-mutilation or high-risk, adrenaline-producing
behaviors
3. Self-medication: At the pathological end, compulsive drinking, use of drugs,
or even compulsive use of food become ways to dull or distracted us from our
feelings
Define MST Right Ans - Any sexual activity where a SM is involved against
his or her will. The SM may have been pressured into sexual assault, unable to
consent to sexual activity, and/or physically forced into sexual activities.
Other examples may involve unwanted sexual touching, grabbing, advances,
threatening or offensive remarks.
Why is MST such a complex form of trauma? Right Ans - -Military context
-Typical age at the time of assault
-Many have a history of abuse as children
MST is a form of trauma characterized by what factors (what makes MST
worse than other sexual trauma)? Right Ans - -Offenders being known to
victim
, -Victims being young
-Trust being broken
-Leadership not resolving crime
- Military culture places a premium on strength, self-sufficiency, and loyalty
What are the 3 offender motivations? Right Ans - 1. Power motivated: sees
the assault as a conquest, needs power reassurance or assertiveness
2. Anger-motivated offender
3. Sadistic offender: Most dangerous offender
Victims often do (better/worse) psychologically when they knew the offender.
Right Ans - Worse
List some offender behaviors (what they do, what they use) Right Ans - -
Plans and premediates attacks
-Uses multiple strategies to make the victim vulnerable
-Uses alcohol deliberately
-Uses violence as needed
-Does not use a weapon
-Uses only as much violence as needed
-Has access to consensual sex
-Can come from any racial or ethnic group
-Not mentally ill
Define sex offender. Right Ans - A person who commits a crime involving a
sexual act including, but not limited to a Soldier, a family member, civilian
employee, contractor, guest, visitor, etc. who is either registered as a sex
offender or is required to register as a sex offender
What are the 3 types of sex offenders? Right Ans - 1. Non-stranger
2. Stranger
3. Gang and multiple rape
What are some characteristics of non-stranger sexual assault? Right Ans -
The most common type of sexual assault
Includes acquaintance rape, drug-facilitated rape, and marital rape
What are some characteristics of gang and multiple rape? Right Ans -
Victim usually knows at least one member of the group
And SARCs) – Qs And As
Define victim Right Ans - Any person who suffered direct physical or
emotional harm as the result of a sexual or violent offense.
Define victimology Right Ans - The relationships between victims and
offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system,
and the criminal justice system, and the connections between victims and
other social groups and institutions such as the media businesses, and social
movements
Define consent Right Ans - Freely given agreement to the conduct at issue
by a competent person
What would inhibit someone from giving consent? Right Ans -
-Sleeping/unconscious
-Incompetence due to drugs or alcohol
-Age
Define trauma Right Ans - A person who experienced, witnessed, or was
confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death
or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of the self or others. A
person's response to the event involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror
List at least 5 reactions to sexual assault. Right Ans - -Intense feelings
-Pervasive fear, anxiety, and phobic behavior
-Numbness
-Cognitive disorganization and helplessness
-Somatic complaints to include sleeping and eating difficulties
-Withdrawal, alienation, and mistrust
-Feelings of humiliation and self-blame
-Not feeling like oneself
List at least 5 physical responses to trauma. Right Ans - -Aches and pains
-Sudden sweating/heart palpitations
-Changes in sleep, appetite, or interest in sex
-Constipation or diarrhea
,-Easily startled
-Susceptible to colds and illness
-Increased use of alcohol/drugs/food
Define PTSD Right Ans - A severe condition that may develop after a
person is exposed to one or more traumatic events and in one of the most
common mental health disorders among sexual assault victims
(True/False) People who suffer from PTSD often relive the sexual assault
Right Ans - True
What are the 4 symptoms of PTSD discussed in class? Right Ans - -Reliving
the event
-Avoiding situations that remind you of the event
-Negative changes in beliefs and feelings
-Feeling keyed up
What are the 3 PTSD coping mechanisms discussed in class. Right Ans - 1.
Self-blame: an attribution people employ to defend against the reality of
helplessness and the terror of a repetition
2. Self-harm: Includes self-mutilation or high-risk, adrenaline-producing
behaviors
3. Self-medication: At the pathological end, compulsive drinking, use of drugs,
or even compulsive use of food become ways to dull or distracted us from our
feelings
Define MST Right Ans - Any sexual activity where a SM is involved against
his or her will. The SM may have been pressured into sexual assault, unable to
consent to sexual activity, and/or physically forced into sexual activities.
Other examples may involve unwanted sexual touching, grabbing, advances,
threatening or offensive remarks.
Why is MST such a complex form of trauma? Right Ans - -Military context
-Typical age at the time of assault
-Many have a history of abuse as children
MST is a form of trauma characterized by what factors (what makes MST
worse than other sexual trauma)? Right Ans - -Offenders being known to
victim
, -Victims being young
-Trust being broken
-Leadership not resolving crime
- Military culture places a premium on strength, self-sufficiency, and loyalty
What are the 3 offender motivations? Right Ans - 1. Power motivated: sees
the assault as a conquest, needs power reassurance or assertiveness
2. Anger-motivated offender
3. Sadistic offender: Most dangerous offender
Victims often do (better/worse) psychologically when they knew the offender.
Right Ans - Worse
List some offender behaviors (what they do, what they use) Right Ans - -
Plans and premediates attacks
-Uses multiple strategies to make the victim vulnerable
-Uses alcohol deliberately
-Uses violence as needed
-Does not use a weapon
-Uses only as much violence as needed
-Has access to consensual sex
-Can come from any racial or ethnic group
-Not mentally ill
Define sex offender. Right Ans - A person who commits a crime involving a
sexual act including, but not limited to a Soldier, a family member, civilian
employee, contractor, guest, visitor, etc. who is either registered as a sex
offender or is required to register as a sex offender
What are the 3 types of sex offenders? Right Ans - 1. Non-stranger
2. Stranger
3. Gang and multiple rape
What are some characteristics of non-stranger sexual assault? Right Ans -
The most common type of sexual assault
Includes acquaintance rape, drug-facilitated rape, and marital rape
What are some characteristics of gang and multiple rape? Right Ans -
Victim usually knows at least one member of the group
