NURS 143 Exam 2 Guide With
Complete Solution
bronchospasm
____ can manifest in many pulmonary diseases. It is a sudden constriction of
the muscles in the bronchioles. It reduces the caliber of the small bronchi
causing dyspnea, increased mucous production and infection with
auscultated wheezing and diminished breath sounds.
smoking cessation
____ (two words) is the single most important therapeutic intervention for
patients with COPD.
cough
Asthma is a chronic, largely reversible, inflammatory disease of the airways
that causes airway hyper-responsiveness, mucosal edema and mucus
production. Most common S/Sx include _____, wheezing and dyspnea (which
leads to anxiety).
cor pulmonale
___ (two words) is one of the complications of emphysema characterized by
right-sided heart failure brought on by long-term pulmonary hypertension.
Results in dependent edema, distended neck veins, and liver pain.
thrush
A spacer should be used with inhaled corticosteroids and patients should
,rinse their mouth after administration to prevent ____. Particularly important
for COPD patients.
peak flow meter (PFM)
A ___ (three words) measures the highest airflow during a forced expiration.
Indicated for patients who have moderate or severe persistent asthma; have
poor perception of changes in airflow; or have unexplained response to
environmental exposures.
forced expiration
A peak flow meter measures the highest airflow during a [ forced inspiration
/ forced expiration ]. Peak flow monitoring helps measure asthma severity
and when added to symptom monitoring, indicates the current degree of
asthma control.
compliance
The elasticity and expandability of the lungs and thoracic structures is known
as ____, and it is reported as "decreased" if the lungs and the thorax are
"stiff," e.g. in severe case of ARDS.
upper
The pharynx, tonsils, larynx and trachea are a few of the structures within the
[ upper / lower ] respiratory tract.
lungs
The ____, which contain the bronchial and alveolar structures needed for gas
exchange are part of the lower respiratory tract.
goblet
,Mucus is secreted continuously by the ____ cells, which cover the surface of
the nasal mucosa. It is moved back to the nasopharynx by action of the cilia.
pneumothorax
Surgical incision of the chest wall almost always causes some degree of ____
(air accumulating in the pleural space) or hemothorax (buildup of serous
fluid or blood in the pleural space).
shunting
Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q = 0) imbalance causes pulmonary ____ of blood
flowing through lung tissue. Hypoxia (low level of cellular oxygen) occurs.
orthopnea
Patients with heart disease and occasionally patients with COPD may
experience SOB when lying flat, which is only relieved by sitting or standing.
This disorder is called ____.
bacterial infection
A profuse amount of purulent, thick and yellow, green or rust colored
sputum or color change of the sputum is a common sign of ____ (two words).
viral bronchitis
Thin, mucoid sputum frequently results from ____ (two words). A gradual
increase over time may occur when chronic.
tumor
Pink-tinged, mucoid sputum suggests a lung ____.
pulmonary edema
, Profuse, frothy, pink material, often welling up into the throat, may indicate
____ (two words). This is abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue,
alveolar space or both.
abscess
Purulent (fowl smelling) sputum and halitosis point to the presence of a lung
____, bronchiectasis or an infection caused by anaerobic organisms.
pleuritic pain
____ (two words) is from irritation of nerves in the parietal pleura. It is sharp
and seems to "catch" on inspiration; patients often describe it as being like
the "stabbing of a knife." Patients are more comfortable when they lie on the
affected side.
asthma
High-pitched wheezes which are heard on expiration is characteristic of [
asthma / bronchitis ]. Cough and dyspnea are accompanying symptoms.
bronchitis
High-pitched wheezing which is heard on inspiration is characteristic of [
asthma / bronchitis ].
rhonchi
Low-pitched continuous sounds heard over the lungs during a partial airway
obstruction are known as ____.
hemoptysis
The coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract is also known as ____.
Common causes are lung infection, carcinoma, PE or infarction. The nurse
Complete Solution
bronchospasm
____ can manifest in many pulmonary diseases. It is a sudden constriction of
the muscles in the bronchioles. It reduces the caliber of the small bronchi
causing dyspnea, increased mucous production and infection with
auscultated wheezing and diminished breath sounds.
smoking cessation
____ (two words) is the single most important therapeutic intervention for
patients with COPD.
cough
Asthma is a chronic, largely reversible, inflammatory disease of the airways
that causes airway hyper-responsiveness, mucosal edema and mucus
production. Most common S/Sx include _____, wheezing and dyspnea (which
leads to anxiety).
cor pulmonale
___ (two words) is one of the complications of emphysema characterized by
right-sided heart failure brought on by long-term pulmonary hypertension.
Results in dependent edema, distended neck veins, and liver pain.
thrush
A spacer should be used with inhaled corticosteroids and patients should
,rinse their mouth after administration to prevent ____. Particularly important
for COPD patients.
peak flow meter (PFM)
A ___ (three words) measures the highest airflow during a forced expiration.
Indicated for patients who have moderate or severe persistent asthma; have
poor perception of changes in airflow; or have unexplained response to
environmental exposures.
forced expiration
A peak flow meter measures the highest airflow during a [ forced inspiration
/ forced expiration ]. Peak flow monitoring helps measure asthma severity
and when added to symptom monitoring, indicates the current degree of
asthma control.
compliance
The elasticity and expandability of the lungs and thoracic structures is known
as ____, and it is reported as "decreased" if the lungs and the thorax are
"stiff," e.g. in severe case of ARDS.
upper
The pharynx, tonsils, larynx and trachea are a few of the structures within the
[ upper / lower ] respiratory tract.
lungs
The ____, which contain the bronchial and alveolar structures needed for gas
exchange are part of the lower respiratory tract.
goblet
,Mucus is secreted continuously by the ____ cells, which cover the surface of
the nasal mucosa. It is moved back to the nasopharynx by action of the cilia.
pneumothorax
Surgical incision of the chest wall almost always causes some degree of ____
(air accumulating in the pleural space) or hemothorax (buildup of serous
fluid or blood in the pleural space).
shunting
Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q = 0) imbalance causes pulmonary ____ of blood
flowing through lung tissue. Hypoxia (low level of cellular oxygen) occurs.
orthopnea
Patients with heart disease and occasionally patients with COPD may
experience SOB when lying flat, which is only relieved by sitting or standing.
This disorder is called ____.
bacterial infection
A profuse amount of purulent, thick and yellow, green or rust colored
sputum or color change of the sputum is a common sign of ____ (two words).
viral bronchitis
Thin, mucoid sputum frequently results from ____ (two words). A gradual
increase over time may occur when chronic.
tumor
Pink-tinged, mucoid sputum suggests a lung ____.
pulmonary edema
, Profuse, frothy, pink material, often welling up into the throat, may indicate
____ (two words). This is abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue,
alveolar space or both.
abscess
Purulent (fowl smelling) sputum and halitosis point to the presence of a lung
____, bronchiectasis or an infection caused by anaerobic organisms.
pleuritic pain
____ (two words) is from irritation of nerves in the parietal pleura. It is sharp
and seems to "catch" on inspiration; patients often describe it as being like
the "stabbing of a knife." Patients are more comfortable when they lie on the
affected side.
asthma
High-pitched wheezes which are heard on expiration is characteristic of [
asthma / bronchitis ]. Cough and dyspnea are accompanying symptoms.
bronchitis
High-pitched wheezing which is heard on inspiration is characteristic of [
asthma / bronchitis ].
rhonchi
Low-pitched continuous sounds heard over the lungs during a partial airway
obstruction are known as ____.
hemoptysis
The coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract is also known as ____.
Common causes are lung infection, carcinoma, PE or infarction. The nurse
