MARK KLIMEK LECTURE #1 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Acid-Base Rule of Bs - Answer-If the pH and the bicarb are both in the same direction, it
is metabolic
↑ pH - bicarb ↑ - Answer-Metabolic alkalosis
↓ pH - bicarb ↓ - Answer-metabolic acidosis
↓ pH - bicarb ↑ - Answer-respiratory acidosis
↑ pH - bicarb normal - Answer-respiratory alkalosis
Symptoms of Alkalosis - Answer-Hyper systems, except for K (irritable, hyper reflexes,
tachicardia, DECREASED POTASSIUM, borborygme (increased bowel sounds)
Symptoms of Acidosis - Answer-Hypo systems, except for K (paralytic, hypo reflexes,
bradycardia, lethargy, obtunded, coma, INCREASED POTASSIUM, respiratory arrest)
(Mac) Kussmaul breathing - Answer-deep, rapid, labored breathing = metabolic acidosis
Is it Lung? If so.... - Answer-Respiratory
Overventilating or underventilating - Answer-Overvent = alkalosis
Undervent = acidosis
If not lung then... - Answer-metabolic
Prolonged gastric vomiting or suctioning - Answer-alkalosis
Everything else that is not Lung... - Answer-Metabolic acidosis
High pressure vent alarm - Answer-Triggered by increased resistance to airflow
(machine has to push too hard to get air into the lungs)
Causes of high pressure vent alarms - Answer-Obstructions
1. Kinks in tubing --- unkink
2. Water condensing in loops --- empty condenser
3. Mucus secretions in airway --- Turn/change position and then suction as needed,
cough, and deep breathe
Causes of Low pressure alarms - Answer-Disconnections
1. Main tube disconnect --- Reconnect
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Acid-Base Rule of Bs - Answer-If the pH and the bicarb are both in the same direction, it
is metabolic
↑ pH - bicarb ↑ - Answer-Metabolic alkalosis
↓ pH - bicarb ↓ - Answer-metabolic acidosis
↓ pH - bicarb ↑ - Answer-respiratory acidosis
↑ pH - bicarb normal - Answer-respiratory alkalosis
Symptoms of Alkalosis - Answer-Hyper systems, except for K (irritable, hyper reflexes,
tachicardia, DECREASED POTASSIUM, borborygme (increased bowel sounds)
Symptoms of Acidosis - Answer-Hypo systems, except for K (paralytic, hypo reflexes,
bradycardia, lethargy, obtunded, coma, INCREASED POTASSIUM, respiratory arrest)
(Mac) Kussmaul breathing - Answer-deep, rapid, labored breathing = metabolic acidosis
Is it Lung? If so.... - Answer-Respiratory
Overventilating or underventilating - Answer-Overvent = alkalosis
Undervent = acidosis
If not lung then... - Answer-metabolic
Prolonged gastric vomiting or suctioning - Answer-alkalosis
Everything else that is not Lung... - Answer-Metabolic acidosis
High pressure vent alarm - Answer-Triggered by increased resistance to airflow
(machine has to push too hard to get air into the lungs)
Causes of high pressure vent alarms - Answer-Obstructions
1. Kinks in tubing --- unkink
2. Water condensing in loops --- empty condenser
3. Mucus secretions in airway --- Turn/change position and then suction as needed,
cough, and deep breathe
Causes of Low pressure alarms - Answer-Disconnections
1. Main tube disconnect --- Reconnect
