Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist
Ninth Edition By
Elena Bablenis Haveles, BS Pharmacy,
PharmD, RPh
Covering both
Academic skills assessment
and
Clinical case study Questions All with rationale
,Table of Contents
Part I: General Principles............................................................................................................................... 3
1: Information, Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing .................... 3
2: Drug Action and Handling ..................................................................................................................... 8
3: Adverse Reactions ............................................................................................................................... 15
Part II: Drugs Used in Dentistry ................................................................................................................... 19
4: Autonomic Drugs ................................................................................................................................ 19
5: Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic) Analgesics................................................................................................... 25
6: Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists .................................................................................... 31
7: Antiinfective Agents ............................................................................................................................ 35
8: Antifungal and Antiviral Agents .......................................................................................................... 41
9: Antianxiety Agents .............................................................................................................................. 46
10: Local Anesthetics .............................................................................................................................. 52
11: General Anesthetics .......................................................................................................................... 58
Part III: Drugs That May Alter Dental Treatment ........................................................................................ 62
12: Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases ....................................................................... 62
13: Drugs for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders .................................................................... 69
14: Drugs for the Treatment of Seizure Disorders .................................................................................. 73
15: Drugs for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders ....................................................... 79
16: Adrenocorticosteroids ...................................................................................................................... 85
17: Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Disorders and Allergic ....................................................... 89
18: Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus .................................................................................. 93
19: Drugs for the Treatment of Other Endocrine Disorders ................................................................... 98
20: Antineoplastic Drugs ....................................................................................................................... 103
Part IV: Special Situations ......................................................................................................................... 107
21: Emergency Drugs ............................................................................................................................ 107
22: Pregnancy and Breastfeeding ......................................................................................................... 113
23: Substance Use Disorders ................................................................................................................ 117
24: Natural/Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements ....................................................................... 123
25: Oral Conditions and Their Treatment ............................................................................................. 127
26: Hygiene-Related Oral Disorders...................................................................................................... 131
,Table of Contents
Part I: General Principles
1: Information, Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing
Academic skills assessment
1. Define the term pharmacology.
2. Explain why the oral health care provider should have a knowledge of pharmacology.
3. Explain the importance of conducting health/medication histories.
4. Why should a dental practitioner keep more than one type of reference book?
5. Discuss the most important features of a good reference book.
6. Define and give an example of the following terms:
a. Chemical name
b. Trade name
c. Brand name
d. Generic name
7. Explain why a list of the most current drugs should be available in every dental office.
8. Name three federal regulatory agencies, and state the major responsibility of each.
9. Explain the various stages of testing through which a drug must pass before it is marketed for
the general public.
10. List the information required in a prescription.
11. Explain two precautions that should be taken in the dental office to discourage drug abusers.
12. List the components of the Controlled Substance Act
Comprehensive Answers
1. Define the Term Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the study of drugs, their properties,
effects on biological systems, mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and potential side effects
or toxicity.
2. Importance of Pharmacology Knowledge for Oral Health Care Providers
Oral health care providers should have knowledge of pharmacology to:
, Understand the effects of medications on oral health and dental treatments.
Manage patient medications effectively to avoid drug interactions and complications.
Educate patients about their medications and potential side effects.
Make informed decisions when prescribing medications.
3. Importance of Conducting Health/Medication Histories
Conducting health and medication histories is crucial for:
Identifying any existing medical conditions that may affect dental treatment.
Recognizing potential drug interactions or allergies.
Establishing a comprehensive patient profile to tailor treatment plans.
Monitoring patient safety and enhancing overall care.
4. Why Keep More Than One Type of Reference Book
Keeping multiple types of reference books allows dental practitioners to:
Access diverse information regarding pharmacology, treatment guidelines, and drug
interactions.
Stay updated on the latest research and developments in medications and therapies.
Utilize different resources for various specialties or specific patient needs, ensuring
comprehensive care.
5. Important Features of a Good Reference Book
A good reference book should include:
Accuracy: Reliable and up-to-date information.
Comprehensiveness: Coverage of a wide range of medications and conditions.
User-Friendly Format: Easy navigation and clear organization.
Clinical Relevance: Practical applications and case studies to guide decision-making.
6. Definitions and Examples
Chemical Name: The scientific name describing the chemical structure of a drug (e.g.,
(S)-4-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)-2-methoxy-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid for
esomeprazole).
Trade Name: The brand name given by the manufacturer (e.g., Nexium for
esomeprazole).
Ninth Edition By
Elena Bablenis Haveles, BS Pharmacy,
PharmD, RPh
Covering both
Academic skills assessment
and
Clinical case study Questions All with rationale
,Table of Contents
Part I: General Principles............................................................................................................................... 3
1: Information, Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing .................... 3
2: Drug Action and Handling ..................................................................................................................... 8
3: Adverse Reactions ............................................................................................................................... 15
Part II: Drugs Used in Dentistry ................................................................................................................... 19
4: Autonomic Drugs ................................................................................................................................ 19
5: Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic) Analgesics................................................................................................... 25
6: Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists .................................................................................... 31
7: Antiinfective Agents ............................................................................................................................ 35
8: Antifungal and Antiviral Agents .......................................................................................................... 41
9: Antianxiety Agents .............................................................................................................................. 46
10: Local Anesthetics .............................................................................................................................. 52
11: General Anesthetics .......................................................................................................................... 58
Part III: Drugs That May Alter Dental Treatment ........................................................................................ 62
12: Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases ....................................................................... 62
13: Drugs for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders .................................................................... 69
14: Drugs for the Treatment of Seizure Disorders .................................................................................. 73
15: Drugs for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders ....................................................... 79
16: Adrenocorticosteroids ...................................................................................................................... 85
17: Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Disorders and Allergic ....................................................... 89
18: Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus .................................................................................. 93
19: Drugs for the Treatment of Other Endocrine Disorders ................................................................... 98
20: Antineoplastic Drugs ....................................................................................................................... 103
Part IV: Special Situations ......................................................................................................................... 107
21: Emergency Drugs ............................................................................................................................ 107
22: Pregnancy and Breastfeeding ......................................................................................................... 113
23: Substance Use Disorders ................................................................................................................ 117
24: Natural/Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements ....................................................................... 123
25: Oral Conditions and Their Treatment ............................................................................................. 127
26: Hygiene-Related Oral Disorders...................................................................................................... 131
,Table of Contents
Part I: General Principles
1: Information, Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing
Academic skills assessment
1. Define the term pharmacology.
2. Explain why the oral health care provider should have a knowledge of pharmacology.
3. Explain the importance of conducting health/medication histories.
4. Why should a dental practitioner keep more than one type of reference book?
5. Discuss the most important features of a good reference book.
6. Define and give an example of the following terms:
a. Chemical name
b. Trade name
c. Brand name
d. Generic name
7. Explain why a list of the most current drugs should be available in every dental office.
8. Name three federal regulatory agencies, and state the major responsibility of each.
9. Explain the various stages of testing through which a drug must pass before it is marketed for
the general public.
10. List the information required in a prescription.
11. Explain two precautions that should be taken in the dental office to discourage drug abusers.
12. List the components of the Controlled Substance Act
Comprehensive Answers
1. Define the Term Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the study of drugs, their properties,
effects on biological systems, mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and potential side effects
or toxicity.
2. Importance of Pharmacology Knowledge for Oral Health Care Providers
Oral health care providers should have knowledge of pharmacology to:
, Understand the effects of medications on oral health and dental treatments.
Manage patient medications effectively to avoid drug interactions and complications.
Educate patients about their medications and potential side effects.
Make informed decisions when prescribing medications.
3. Importance of Conducting Health/Medication Histories
Conducting health and medication histories is crucial for:
Identifying any existing medical conditions that may affect dental treatment.
Recognizing potential drug interactions or allergies.
Establishing a comprehensive patient profile to tailor treatment plans.
Monitoring patient safety and enhancing overall care.
4. Why Keep More Than One Type of Reference Book
Keeping multiple types of reference books allows dental practitioners to:
Access diverse information regarding pharmacology, treatment guidelines, and drug
interactions.
Stay updated on the latest research and developments in medications and therapies.
Utilize different resources for various specialties or specific patient needs, ensuring
comprehensive care.
5. Important Features of a Good Reference Book
A good reference book should include:
Accuracy: Reliable and up-to-date information.
Comprehensiveness: Coverage of a wide range of medications and conditions.
User-Friendly Format: Easy navigation and clear organization.
Clinical Relevance: Practical applications and case studies to guide decision-making.
6. Definitions and Examples
Chemical Name: The scientific name describing the chemical structure of a drug (e.g.,
(S)-4-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)-2-methoxy-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid for
esomeprazole).
Trade Name: The brand name given by the manufacturer (e.g., Nexium for
esomeprazole).
