N5315 Advanced Pathophysiology-AIDS Exam |
Questions with Answers Verified 100% Correct
The host is susceptible to many opportunistic infections - ✔✔What happens to the host
when CD4 cell count is low?
6 - ✔✔How many drug classes are there to treat HIV infection?
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors (NNRTI), Protease Inhibitors, CCR5 Inhibitors, Fusion Inhibitors, Integrase Inhibitors -
✔✔What are the drug classes?
CD4 count 200 or >, has never had drop in CD4 count below 200, AND has not had an AIDS
defining illness. - ✔✔What defines HIV infection?
When they have had an AIDS defining illness and/or have a CD4 count below 200 - ✔✔When
is a person said to have AIDS?
PCP, toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencophalopathy, disseminated MAC, Kaposi's
sarcoma, lymphoma, tuberculosis, esophageal or trachial candida infection, invasve cervical
cancer, CMV infection, and histoplasmosis - ✔✔What are some AIDS defining illnesses?
Once - ✔✔How many times can the CD4 count drop below 200 before a person is diagnosed
with AIDS?
Detection of HIV antibodies or the HIV P24 antigen - ✔✔What does testing for an HIV
infection involve?
, 3rd generation immunoassay; orinally test of choice - ✔✔What is the HIV EIA (AKA ELISA)
with western blot confirmation?
Urine, saliva, or serum - ✔✔What samples can be used for the ELISA test?
Sensitivity and specificity of > 99% - ✔✔How accurate is the ELISA test?
12 weeks - ✔✔How long does it take the body to make antibodies that are detectable by the
ELISA test?
Window period - ✔✔What is this 12-week period called?
Only after the EIA comes back positive - ✔✔When is the western blot test conducted?
No - ✔✔If the EIA is positive and the western blot is negative, is the person HIV positive?
The person may be in the process of seroconverting, may have received an HIV vaccine in a
clinical drug trial, may have a late stage HIV infection, may be infected with HIV 2, or this may
have been an error; perons would need to be retested at a later time - ✔✔What does it
mean if the EIA is positive and the western blot is indeterminate?
A rapid test; EIA only test; can be completed in 20 minutes on whole blood; quick screening tool
- ✔✔What is Oraquick?
4th generation combination immunoassay; HIV Ab/Ag test - ✔✔What is considered the gold
standard test to screen for and diagnose HIV infection?
Antibodies to HIV and presence of P24 antigen - ✔✔What does the new gold standard test
detect?
Questions with Answers Verified 100% Correct
The host is susceptible to many opportunistic infections - ✔✔What happens to the host
when CD4 cell count is low?
6 - ✔✔How many drug classes are there to treat HIV infection?
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors (NNRTI), Protease Inhibitors, CCR5 Inhibitors, Fusion Inhibitors, Integrase Inhibitors -
✔✔What are the drug classes?
CD4 count 200 or >, has never had drop in CD4 count below 200, AND has not had an AIDS
defining illness. - ✔✔What defines HIV infection?
When they have had an AIDS defining illness and/or have a CD4 count below 200 - ✔✔When
is a person said to have AIDS?
PCP, toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencophalopathy, disseminated MAC, Kaposi's
sarcoma, lymphoma, tuberculosis, esophageal or trachial candida infection, invasve cervical
cancer, CMV infection, and histoplasmosis - ✔✔What are some AIDS defining illnesses?
Once - ✔✔How many times can the CD4 count drop below 200 before a person is diagnosed
with AIDS?
Detection of HIV antibodies or the HIV P24 antigen - ✔✔What does testing for an HIV
infection involve?
, 3rd generation immunoassay; orinally test of choice - ✔✔What is the HIV EIA (AKA ELISA)
with western blot confirmation?
Urine, saliva, or serum - ✔✔What samples can be used for the ELISA test?
Sensitivity and specificity of > 99% - ✔✔How accurate is the ELISA test?
12 weeks - ✔✔How long does it take the body to make antibodies that are detectable by the
ELISA test?
Window period - ✔✔What is this 12-week period called?
Only after the EIA comes back positive - ✔✔When is the western blot test conducted?
No - ✔✔If the EIA is positive and the western blot is negative, is the person HIV positive?
The person may be in the process of seroconverting, may have received an HIV vaccine in a
clinical drug trial, may have a late stage HIV infection, may be infected with HIV 2, or this may
have been an error; perons would need to be retested at a later time - ✔✔What does it
mean if the EIA is positive and the western blot is indeterminate?
A rapid test; EIA only test; can be completed in 20 minutes on whole blood; quick screening tool
- ✔✔What is Oraquick?
4th generation combination immunoassay; HIV Ab/Ag test - ✔✔What is considered the gold
standard test to screen for and diagnose HIV infection?
Antibodies to HIV and presence of P24 antigen - ✔✔What does the new gold standard test
detect?
