NURS 5315 UTA Exam | Questions with Answers
Verified 100% Correct
Type 1 hypersensitivity - ✔✔E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds, pollen, asthma,
allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd exposure.
Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
Atopic disorders - ✔✔Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema, urticaria
Type 2 hypersensitivity - ✔✔E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the plasma
membrane of cells
C.M. Varies depending on alloimmune or autoimmune
Alloimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - ✔✔When an individuals immune system
reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills, low back pain, dark
urine, hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam within 72 hours
of birth (Rh- mother with Rh+ child)
Autoimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - ✔✔A breakdown of tolerance in which the
bodies immune system begins to recognize self-antigens as foreign.
Graves Disease- autoantibodies form against thyroid cells- bind to thyroid cells and mimic
action of TSH, increases secretion of thyroxine
Myasthenia Gravis- autoantibodies against acetylcholine bind to the post synaptic receptors
and inhibit synaptic transmission of acetylcholine. Leads to muscle weakness and paralysis
(mind to ground)
,Guillain-Barre' syndrome- antibodies bind with myelin sheath of the peripheral nervous system,
triggering the immune response. Causes demyelination of the peripheral nerves and a rapidly
progressive, ascending paralysis (ground to brain)
Type III hypersensitivity - ✔✔Widespread immune and inflammatory response not specified
for any cell or tissue. SLE, RA
Antibodies are formed against and bind to circulating antigens, antigen-antibody complex
deposits in vessel walls or tissue. Causes cellular and tissue damage. IgG and IgM response,
spread via circulation- not specific to a cell or tissue- widespread damage.
Type IV hypersensitivity - ✔✔T-cell lymphocyte mediated reaction that does not require
antibody activation. Delayed response- 24-72 hours.
Contact dermatitis- poison ivy, topical drugs, chemicals such as nickel or formaldehyde.
Antigens too small to cause a reaction bind to proteins, response includes rash, red bumps,
itching, and blisters.
Reactive tuberculin test- PPD cause and induration in 24-72 if person was previously exposed to
tuberculin antigen
Solid organ transplant rejection- 11-14 days after 1st exposure, 5-6 days after 2nd exposure,
results in mononuclear infiltration, decreased circulation, and tissue necrosis.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - ✔✔E. Primarily women aged 20-40, Type III hypersensitivity.
Antibodies are formed against DNA
Genetic, leads to tissue damage. Exacerbated by infections, UV light, estrogen, meds, stress
Diagnosed by serum ANA
C.M. Butterfly rash (cheeks), photosensitivity, nonerosive arthritis of at least 2 peripheral joints,
inflammation of serous sacs, proteinuria, seizures, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ✔✔E. Primarily women 30-50, systemic autoimmune disease
Progressive, irreversible leads to deformity and disability
Tx includes PT, NSAIDS, corticosteroids
, C.M. Joint inflammation, pain, destruction of synovial membrane, widespread symmetrical joint
swelling, erythema joints warm to touch, loss of function, morning stiffness- improves with
movement, weight loss, weakness, anorexia
-Osis or -philia - ✔✔Elevated count of blood cells
-penia - ✔✔Low count of blood cells
Leukocytosis - ✔✔Increase in number of total WBC
Leukopenia - ✔✔Decrease in number of total WBC
Neutrophilia- definition and causes - ✔✔Elevated neutrophil count
From bacterial infections, inflammation, and necrotic tissue
Neutropenia- definition and causes - ✔✔Decreased # of neutrophils
From liver disease, viral infections, drugs
Eosinophilia- definition and causes - ✔✔Increased # of eosinophils
From allergic reactions and parasitic infections
Eosinopenia- definition and causes - ✔✔Decreased # of eosinophils
From pancytopenia and steroid use
Basophilia- definition and causes - ✔✔Increased # of basophils
From allergic reactions
Verified 100% Correct
Type 1 hypersensitivity - ✔✔E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds, pollen, asthma,
allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd exposure.
Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
Atopic disorders - ✔✔Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema, urticaria
Type 2 hypersensitivity - ✔✔E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the plasma
membrane of cells
C.M. Varies depending on alloimmune or autoimmune
Alloimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - ✔✔When an individuals immune system
reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills, low back pain, dark
urine, hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam within 72 hours
of birth (Rh- mother with Rh+ child)
Autoimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - ✔✔A breakdown of tolerance in which the
bodies immune system begins to recognize self-antigens as foreign.
Graves Disease- autoantibodies form against thyroid cells- bind to thyroid cells and mimic
action of TSH, increases secretion of thyroxine
Myasthenia Gravis- autoantibodies against acetylcholine bind to the post synaptic receptors
and inhibit synaptic transmission of acetylcholine. Leads to muscle weakness and paralysis
(mind to ground)
,Guillain-Barre' syndrome- antibodies bind with myelin sheath of the peripheral nervous system,
triggering the immune response. Causes demyelination of the peripheral nerves and a rapidly
progressive, ascending paralysis (ground to brain)
Type III hypersensitivity - ✔✔Widespread immune and inflammatory response not specified
for any cell or tissue. SLE, RA
Antibodies are formed against and bind to circulating antigens, antigen-antibody complex
deposits in vessel walls or tissue. Causes cellular and tissue damage. IgG and IgM response,
spread via circulation- not specific to a cell or tissue- widespread damage.
Type IV hypersensitivity - ✔✔T-cell lymphocyte mediated reaction that does not require
antibody activation. Delayed response- 24-72 hours.
Contact dermatitis- poison ivy, topical drugs, chemicals such as nickel or formaldehyde.
Antigens too small to cause a reaction bind to proteins, response includes rash, red bumps,
itching, and blisters.
Reactive tuberculin test- PPD cause and induration in 24-72 if person was previously exposed to
tuberculin antigen
Solid organ transplant rejection- 11-14 days after 1st exposure, 5-6 days after 2nd exposure,
results in mononuclear infiltration, decreased circulation, and tissue necrosis.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - ✔✔E. Primarily women aged 20-40, Type III hypersensitivity.
Antibodies are formed against DNA
Genetic, leads to tissue damage. Exacerbated by infections, UV light, estrogen, meds, stress
Diagnosed by serum ANA
C.M. Butterfly rash (cheeks), photosensitivity, nonerosive arthritis of at least 2 peripheral joints,
inflammation of serous sacs, proteinuria, seizures, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ✔✔E. Primarily women 30-50, systemic autoimmune disease
Progressive, irreversible leads to deformity and disability
Tx includes PT, NSAIDS, corticosteroids
, C.M. Joint inflammation, pain, destruction of synovial membrane, widespread symmetrical joint
swelling, erythema joints warm to touch, loss of function, morning stiffness- improves with
movement, weight loss, weakness, anorexia
-Osis or -philia - ✔✔Elevated count of blood cells
-penia - ✔✔Low count of blood cells
Leukocytosis - ✔✔Increase in number of total WBC
Leukopenia - ✔✔Decrease in number of total WBC
Neutrophilia- definition and causes - ✔✔Elevated neutrophil count
From bacterial infections, inflammation, and necrotic tissue
Neutropenia- definition and causes - ✔✔Decreased # of neutrophils
From liver disease, viral infections, drugs
Eosinophilia- definition and causes - ✔✔Increased # of eosinophils
From allergic reactions and parasitic infections
Eosinopenia- definition and causes - ✔✔Decreased # of eosinophils
From pancytopenia and steroid use
Basophilia- definition and causes - ✔✔Increased # of basophils
From allergic reactions
