Test Bank Questions and Answers for Acute Pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome 100% Pass

Test Bank Questions and Answers for Acute Pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome 100% Pass What is acute pyelonephritis? - Answers Inflammation of renal parenchyma (renal pelvis) & collecting system---Kidney infection What are S/S of kidney infection? - Answers mild fatigue, chills, fever, vomiting, flank pain, kidney tenderness s/s subside in few days, do tests to make sure it's cleared up What are preexisting factors of acute pyelonephritis? - Answers Lower UTI, backward movement from lower to upper, going up ureters to kidney, urinary stones, hurting lower UTI, pregnancy induced changes What are risks for developing kidney infection? - Answers ... How is acute pyelonephritis diagnosed? - Answers History, assess for flank pain Physical exam---palpation for costovertebral angle (CVA) pain Lab tests---urinalysis (pyuria, bacteriauria, hematuria), urine for culture/sensitivity, CBC with differential(leukocytes) Blood culture (if bacteremia is suspected)---urosepsis? very sick with this, kidney infection turns into urosepsis Ultrasound CT scan Complications of Acute pyelonephritis? - Answers Urosepsis What is urosepsis? - Answers Commonly starts in renal medulla spreads to adjacent cortex, cause scars, poorly functioning kidneys, chronic pyelonephritis -Systemic infection from urologic source -Prompt dx/tx is critical -Can lead to septic shock and death *urosepsis* -Septic shock What is septic shock? - Answers outcome of unresolved bacteremia involving gram-negative organism What is drug therapy for acute pyelonephritis? - Answers Antibiotics---parenteral in hospital to rapidly establish high drug levels, if sick enough for IV NSAIDS or antipyretic drugs---fever, discomfort Urinary analgesis--Peridium, if having s/s of lower UTI, burning/frequency Expected TX for acute pyelonephritis? - Answers Hospitalization for pts with severe infections/complications---dehydrated, N/V, severe infections, if not its outpatient basis S/S typically improve within 48-72 hours after starting therapy Relapses may be treated with 6wk course of antibiotics Follow-up---urine culture/imaging studies Reinfections---with individual episodes or long term tx with Prophylaxis may be used for recurrent infection What is glomerulonephritis? - Answers Caused by an antigen-antibody reaction, causing inflammation in the glomeruli Caused by certain autoimmune diseases or streptococcal infection---the bodies response to the infection causes inflammation(the antigen then attacks the kidney) What are S/S of glomerulonephritis? - Answers Periorbital edema, initially---soft tissues are thin, edema is visible Edema Hypertension Hematuria Proteinuria How do we care for a patient with glomerulonephritis? - Answers S/S management, Prevention/education What are S/S management? - Answers Restrict sodium, give meds Diuretics Antihypertensives May need to restrict daily protein intake if elevated BUN (20+) What are prevention and education to these patients? - Answers Early diagnosis of and tx of sore throats