Initial treatment of 50 yr-antique woman with metastatic breast CA to ribs & backbone with
↑Ca²⁺ - ANSBisphosphonates
[Fluid + Lasix + mithramycine/bisphos/calcitonin/ aldaronic acid]
Contraindications to SLNBx - ANS1. Clinically suspicious axillary LN
2. T3/T4
three. Large biopsy cavity
4. Prior axillary surgical procedure
five. Recent mammoplasty/breast implant
6. Likely intraductal papilloma
Young woman with bloody nipple discharge & regular mammogram → - ANSLikely
intraductal papilloma → ductal excision
Treatment of breast pain - ANSBromocriptine (inhibits prolactin secretion)
Which is a contraindication to segmental mastectomy or BCT, multicentric sickness or
pectoralis involvement? - ANSMulticentric disease
ER is a marker for _____ - ANSTumor differentiation
LCIS @ margin of breast excision, NEXT STEP - ANSNo similarly Rx
Tamoxifen & near observe-up
Management of phyllodes tumor (2 cm) - ANSWLE without nodal dissection
Management of publish-menopausal, ER+, T1N1 (level IIa) breast CA - ANSChemotherapy
+ Tamoxifen
Management of cancer <0.75mm - ANSWLE with 1-cm margins
Management of 1.2mm superficial melanoma without palpable node(s) - ANSWLE with 2-cm
margins + SLNBx for all lesions >1.0mm
Management of anal SCCa - ANSChemoXRT (Nigro protocol)
Malignancy most likely to have ascites and carinomatosis - ANSOvarian
Cancer-associated cachexia is related to ____ - ANSTNFα
, Cancer least probably to metastasize to bone - ANSProstate > Breast > Lung > Kidney >
THYROID
Inguinal LN biopsy wonderful for cancer and not using a identifiable number one ... NEXT
STEP - ANSCT stomach/pelvis
Inhibitory aspect of tumor increase - ANSTGFβ
Mechanism of angiogenesis - ANSProliferation/migration
Management of 0.8mm cancer - ANSWLE with 1-cm margins
Which is a more specific tumor marker, β-hCG vs. CA-a hundred twenty five? - ANSβ-hCG
Radiation insensitivity in large tumors are 2° to _____ - ANSHypoxia
Submucosal unfold of tumor is most commonplace in ______ CA - ANSEsophageal
Management of TxN1 colon most cancers - ANSN1 → Stage III
Surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy (any high quality nodes)
Uterine-cervical cancer spreads to which LN basin? - ANSObturator
Most variable portion of the cellular cycle - ANSG1 (determines cellular cycle length)
Management of nine-cm adrenal mass - ANSAdrenalectomy (tranabdominal approach)
ACTH stage for the duration of shock - ANSElevated
_____ activated trypsinogen - ANSEnterokinase
ADH secretion is regulated by using _____ - ANSExtracellular osmolality (or hypovolemia)
In order to avoid harm to the SLN, one have to divide the advanced thyroid ______ the pill -
ANSNear
Management of appendiceal carcinoid tumor = 1 cm - ANSAppendectomy
Management of appendiceal carcinoid tumor ≥ 2 cm - ANSRight hemicolectomy
[also those with histological evidence of meso-appendiceal extension or tumors at the base
of the appendix with cecal extension]
Mechanism of motion of calcitonin - ANS↓Serum Ca²⁺ (osteoCLAST inhibition)
Confirmation of insulinoma after multiplied fasting insulin:glucose ratio >zero.4 → -
ANS↑C-peptide and proinsulin