Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
Nurb 3050 final Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Edema
an excess of fluid in the interstitial compartment, which causes a swelling
or enlargement of tissues
Prolonged edema interferes with
venous return, arterial circulation, and cell function
Causes of edema
1. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
2. decreased plasma osmotic pressure in the capillaries
3. lymphatic obstruction
4. increased capillary pearmeability
Increased Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure
-equivalent to higher blood pressure
-forces excessive fluid out of capillary into tissue
Hypervolemia
increased blood volume cause by kidney failure, pregnancy, and CHF
Decreased Plasma Osmotic Pressure in the Capillaries
-loss of plasma proteins
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, Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
Lymphatic obstruction
- tumor or infection damages a lymph node or lymph node is removed
-cannot circulate lymph fluid
Increased Capillary Permeability
- results from an inflammatory response, bacterial toxins, burn or wound
infections
Effects of Edema
-localized swelling
- redness or pale
-pain
-pitting edema
-weight gain
-headache
-functional impairment
-impaired arterial circulation
- susceptible to tissue breakdown
-high BP
Dehyrdration
insufficient body fluid resulting from either inadequate intake or excessive
loss of fluids, or a combination of both
-measured by change in weight
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, Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
hypovolemia
loss of fluids in the vascular compartment (bloodstream)
Causes of dehydration
-vomiting and diarrhea
-excessive sweating
-GI suction
-DKA
-insufficient water intake
-use of concentrated formula for infants
diabetic ketoacidosis
insufficient insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels and mobilization
of lipids
effects of dehydration
dry mucous membrane
decreased skin turgor
Low BP, weak pulse
fatigue
increased hematocrit
decreasing mental function
confusion & loss of conciousness
turgor
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, Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
elasticity
hematocrit
percentage of red blood cells in volume of blood
body compensated for dehydration by
increasing thirst
increasing heart rate
constricting cutaneous blood vessels
producing less urine
Third spacing
fluids shifting out of the body into a body cavity or tissue where it is no
longer available as circulating fluid
- shift causes a fluid deficit in vascular compartment (hypovolemia) and fluid excess in the
interstitial space
Hyponatremia
-deficit of sodium
- caused by early chronic renal failure, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, diuretics (fluid pills),
hormonal imbalances, excessive water intake
effects of hyponatremia
anorexia, nausea, cramps, fatigue, lethargy, muscle weakness, headache,
confusion, seizure, decreased BP, impaired nerve conduction, hypovolemia
for inquiry mail me @
Nurb 3050 final Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Edema
an excess of fluid in the interstitial compartment, which causes a swelling
or enlargement of tissues
Prolonged edema interferes with
venous return, arterial circulation, and cell function
Causes of edema
1. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
2. decreased plasma osmotic pressure in the capillaries
3. lymphatic obstruction
4. increased capillary pearmeability
Increased Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure
-equivalent to higher blood pressure
-forces excessive fluid out of capillary into tissue
Hypervolemia
increased blood volume cause by kidney failure, pregnancy, and CHF
Decreased Plasma Osmotic Pressure in the Capillaries
-loss of plasma proteins
for inquiry mail me @
, Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
Lymphatic obstruction
- tumor or infection damages a lymph node or lymph node is removed
-cannot circulate lymph fluid
Increased Capillary Permeability
- results from an inflammatory response, bacterial toxins, burn or wound
infections
Effects of Edema
-localized swelling
- redness or pale
-pain
-pitting edema
-weight gain
-headache
-functional impairment
-impaired arterial circulation
- susceptible to tissue breakdown
-high BP
Dehyrdration
insufficient body fluid resulting from either inadequate intake or excessive
loss of fluids, or a combination of both
-measured by change in weight
for inquiry mail me @
, Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
hypovolemia
loss of fluids in the vascular compartment (bloodstream)
Causes of dehydration
-vomiting and diarrhea
-excessive sweating
-GI suction
-DKA
-insufficient water intake
-use of concentrated formula for infants
diabetic ketoacidosis
insufficient insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels and mobilization
of lipids
effects of dehydration
dry mucous membrane
decreased skin turgor
Low BP, weak pulse
fatigue
increased hematocrit
decreasing mental function
confusion & loss of conciousness
turgor
for inquiry mail me @
, Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025
elasticity
hematocrit
percentage of red blood cells in volume of blood
body compensated for dehydration by
increasing thirst
increasing heart rate
constricting cutaneous blood vessels
producing less urine
Third spacing
fluids shifting out of the body into a body cavity or tissue where it is no
longer available as circulating fluid
- shift causes a fluid deficit in vascular compartment (hypovolemia) and fluid excess in the
interstitial space
Hyponatremia
-deficit of sodium
- caused by early chronic renal failure, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, diuretics (fluid pills),
hormonal imbalances, excessive water intake
effects of hyponatremia
anorexia, nausea, cramps, fatigue, lethargy, muscle weakness, headache,
confusion, seizure, decreased BP, impaired nerve conduction, hypovolemia
for inquiry mail me @
