PSYC 140 FINAL Exam Study Guide

What are two critiques, discussed in the module, regarding Freud's psychosexual stages? - Lack of a lifespan approach and his research methods. List the psychosexual stage described by Freud. Ages 3-6: ___________ - Phallic Stage The phallic stage of psychosexual development ends at age ___________. - 6 True or false? Maternal stress is not an example of a teratogen. - False Which research design would best address the following question: What do most people in the U.S. feel about the legalization of marijuana? - Survey True or false? Maternal age has nothing to do with birth defects in babies. - False Describe what you learned about infant-parent attachment in the module. The approximate length of the description should be a short paragraph, and it should include sufficient detail on what you learned. Then, describe how your current knowledge on this topic compares to what you knew before taking this module. Finally, describe your views on the following issues: a) how applicable is attachment theory to everyday life and working with infants, and b) what misconceptions about attachment do you think people have, and what is a correct understanding of how to apply this attachment theory? - 3 pts for a sufficient detailed and specific description of student learning. 2 pts for sufficiently detailed and specific comparison to prior knowledge. 2 pts for an informed and detailed description of the applicability of attachment theory. 3 pts for addressing current misconceptions as well as remedies. True or false? REM sleep makes up roughly half of an infant's sleep cycle? - True True or false? Two-year-olds weigh, on average, about 45 lbs. - False Which Piagetian substage occurs during the Preoperational stage: Secondary Circular Reactions, Symbolic Function, or Metacognition. - Symbolic Function According to Piaget, ____________ are mental activities. - Operations Why do modern researchers often find that young children are able to overcome some aspects of egocentrism at younger ages than Piaget had thought? - Understanding the task is key. Other methods than the Three Mountains Task are perhaps more understandable to young children and can result in decentered (less egocentric) responses. True or false? Most children with ADHD are better able to control problem behaviors when given individual attention. - True True or false? Parents of children with ADHD can help their kids by encouraging kids to write down homework assignments and use notebook organizers. - True True or false? Neglected children tend to show less negative outcomes than rejected children, according to peer status research. - True __________ children receive high numbers of negative votes in research studies on peer statuses. - Rejected The module discussed common consequences of divorce on children. Describe two of these. - Answers need to describe 2 of the following: change in family finances, change in where family members live, increased parental stress, increase in family conflict, change in parenting styles.