ICHS NURS 1141 WK 1-6 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS
5 steps of nursing - ANSWER- 1. Assessment
2. Human Needs Statement (NURS DIAG)
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
Assessment - ANSWER- Collect and organize data
Objective and Subjective
Know all the meds they take
Check for allergies
Human Needs Statement - ANSWER- AKA Nursing Diagnosis
related to, as evidenced by
Planning - ANSWER- Prioritize human needs statement
Identify outcomes
SMART
Implementation - ANSWER- Carry out the plan
Nursing interventions
9 rights for drug therapy
Evaluation - ANSWER- Are outcomes met?
Continuous process
Monitor pt response to drug therapy
9 rights of medication administration - ANSWER- Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right patient
Right documentation
Right reason
Right response
Right to Refuse
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed
within the body, metabolized, and excreted.
,Absorbtion - ANSWER- The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall
of the digestive system into the blood
Main site of absorbtion is GI
Bioavailability - ANSWER- Rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and
used
Factors that affect absorbtion - ANSWER- Route of administration
Presence of food in the stomach
Drug Formulation
First pass effect - ANSWER- The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from
the gastrointestinal tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the
bloodstream.
Reduces the bioavailability of the drug to less than 100%
Loading dose - ANSWER- initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the
beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose.
A loading dose is most useful for drugs that are eliminated from the body relatively
slowly, i.e. have a long systemic half-life
Distribution - ANSWER- Transport of a drug by the bloodstream to its site of action
Only drug molecules that are not bound to plasma proteins can freely distribute to
extravascular tissue (outside the blood vessels) to reach their site of action EX: Albumin
Albumin - ANSWER- Most common blood protein and carries the majority of protein-
bound drug molecule
Metabolism (aka biotransformation) - ANSWER- Involves the biochemical alteration of a
drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more potent active
metabolite (as in the conversion of an inactive prodrug to its active form), or a less
active metabolite.
Main site is the liver.
Excretion - ANSWER- Elimination of drugs from the body
Main site is kidneys
Half life - ANSWER- The time required for one-half (50%) of a given drug to be removed
from the body
Onset - ANSWER- The time required for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
Peak - ANSWER- The time required for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic
response
, Duration - ANSWER- The length of time that the drug concentration is sufficient (without
more doses) to elicit a therapeutic response
Peak VS Trough - ANSWER- Peak level (highest blood level) and Trough level (lowest
blood level) of a drug
Chemical Name - ANSWER- Describes the drug's chemical composition and molecular
structure
Generic name - ANSWER- Name assigned by the manufacturer who first develops a
drug; it is often derived from the chemical name
Trade name - ANSWER- The commercial name given to a drug product by its
manufacturer; also called the proprietary name.
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER- The mechanisms of drug action in living tissues
Therapeutic Effect - ANSWER- A positive change in a faulty physiologic system
Agonist - ANSWER- Drug binds to the receptor; there is a response
Partial Agonist - ANSWER- Drug binds to the receptor; the response is diminished
compared with that elicited by an agonist.
Antagonist - ANSWER- Drug binds to the receptor; there is no response. Drug prevents
binding of agonists.
Pharmacotherapeutics - ANSWER- Medical treatment that utilizes one or more
pharmaceutical drugs to improve on-going symptoms, treat the underlying condition, or
act as a prevention for other diseases
Contraindications - ANSWER- Any patient condition, especially a disease state that
makes the use of the given medication dangerous for the patient
Drug Interactions - ANSWER- Drugs may interact with other drugs, with foods, or with
agents administered as part of laboratory tests
Acute Therapy - ANSWER- Involves more intensive drug treatment and is implemented
in the acutely ill (those with rapid onset of illness) or the critically ill
Maintenance Therapy - ANSWER- Does not eradicate preexisting problems the patient
may have, but will prevent progression of a disease or condition
Supplemental Therapy - ANSWER- Supplies the body with a substance needed to
maintain normal function
WITH ANSWERS
5 steps of nursing - ANSWER- 1. Assessment
2. Human Needs Statement (NURS DIAG)
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
Assessment - ANSWER- Collect and organize data
Objective and Subjective
Know all the meds they take
Check for allergies
Human Needs Statement - ANSWER- AKA Nursing Diagnosis
related to, as evidenced by
Planning - ANSWER- Prioritize human needs statement
Identify outcomes
SMART
Implementation - ANSWER- Carry out the plan
Nursing interventions
9 rights for drug therapy
Evaluation - ANSWER- Are outcomes met?
Continuous process
Monitor pt response to drug therapy
9 rights of medication administration - ANSWER- Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right patient
Right documentation
Right reason
Right response
Right to Refuse
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed
within the body, metabolized, and excreted.
,Absorbtion - ANSWER- The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall
of the digestive system into the blood
Main site of absorbtion is GI
Bioavailability - ANSWER- Rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and
used
Factors that affect absorbtion - ANSWER- Route of administration
Presence of food in the stomach
Drug Formulation
First pass effect - ANSWER- The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from
the gastrointestinal tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the
bloodstream.
Reduces the bioavailability of the drug to less than 100%
Loading dose - ANSWER- initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the
beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose.
A loading dose is most useful for drugs that are eliminated from the body relatively
slowly, i.e. have a long systemic half-life
Distribution - ANSWER- Transport of a drug by the bloodstream to its site of action
Only drug molecules that are not bound to plasma proteins can freely distribute to
extravascular tissue (outside the blood vessels) to reach their site of action EX: Albumin
Albumin - ANSWER- Most common blood protein and carries the majority of protein-
bound drug molecule
Metabolism (aka biotransformation) - ANSWER- Involves the biochemical alteration of a
drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more potent active
metabolite (as in the conversion of an inactive prodrug to its active form), or a less
active metabolite.
Main site is the liver.
Excretion - ANSWER- Elimination of drugs from the body
Main site is kidneys
Half life - ANSWER- The time required for one-half (50%) of a given drug to be removed
from the body
Onset - ANSWER- The time required for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
Peak - ANSWER- The time required for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic
response
, Duration - ANSWER- The length of time that the drug concentration is sufficient (without
more doses) to elicit a therapeutic response
Peak VS Trough - ANSWER- Peak level (highest blood level) and Trough level (lowest
blood level) of a drug
Chemical Name - ANSWER- Describes the drug's chemical composition and molecular
structure
Generic name - ANSWER- Name assigned by the manufacturer who first develops a
drug; it is often derived from the chemical name
Trade name - ANSWER- The commercial name given to a drug product by its
manufacturer; also called the proprietary name.
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER- The mechanisms of drug action in living tissues
Therapeutic Effect - ANSWER- A positive change in a faulty physiologic system
Agonist - ANSWER- Drug binds to the receptor; there is a response
Partial Agonist - ANSWER- Drug binds to the receptor; the response is diminished
compared with that elicited by an agonist.
Antagonist - ANSWER- Drug binds to the receptor; there is no response. Drug prevents
binding of agonists.
Pharmacotherapeutics - ANSWER- Medical treatment that utilizes one or more
pharmaceutical drugs to improve on-going symptoms, treat the underlying condition, or
act as a prevention for other diseases
Contraindications - ANSWER- Any patient condition, especially a disease state that
makes the use of the given medication dangerous for the patient
Drug Interactions - ANSWER- Drugs may interact with other drugs, with foods, or with
agents administered as part of laboratory tests
Acute Therapy - ANSWER- Involves more intensive drug treatment and is implemented
in the acutely ill (those with rapid onset of illness) or the critically ill
Maintenance Therapy - ANSWER- Does not eradicate preexisting problems the patient
may have, but will prevent progression of a disease or condition
Supplemental Therapy - ANSWER- Supplies the body with a substance needed to
maintain normal function
