NRN 161 Metabolism & Elimination
Review Questions and Correct Answers
Which action should a nurse include in the care plan for a 2-month-old infant with heart
failure?
Bathe the infant and administer medications before feeding.
Weigh and bathe the infant before feeding.
Feed the infant when he cries.
Allow the infant to rest before feeding. ✅Allow the infant to rest before feeding.
Explanation:
Because feeding requires so much energy, an infant with heart failure should rest
before feeding. Bathing and weighing the infant and administering medications should
be scheduled around feedings. An infant expends energy when crying; therefore, it's
best if the infant doesn't cry.
The nurse should instruct a client with heart disease to avoid which foods that contribute
to increases in serum cholesterol?
polyunsaturated fat
monounsaturated fat
phospholipids
saturated fat ✅saturated fat
Explanation:
Saturated fats raise blood cholesterol.
Polyunsaturated fats maintain blood cholesterol.
Monounsaturated fats may help to maintain or lower blood cholesterol.
Phospholipids do not have an effect on cholesterol but act as emulsifiers, keeping fats
dispersed in water.
When assessing a client with pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla that
secretes excessive catecholamine, the nurse is most likely to detect:
bradycardia.
a blood glucose level of 130 mg/dl (7.2 mmol/L).
a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg.
a blood pressure of 176/88 mm Hg ✅a blood pressure of 176/88 mm Hg.
Explanation:
, Pheochromocytoma causes hypertension, tachycardia, hyperglycemia,
hypermetabolism, and weight loss. It isn't associated with hypotension, hypoglycemia,
or bradycardia
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder who has been prescribed
divalproex. The nurse knows that the client should have which test completed before
initiation of drug therapy?
Liver function
Thyroid level
Cardiac enzymes
White blood cell (WBC) count ✅Liver function
Explanation:
Baseline liver function tests and a complete blood count with platelets should be
obtained before starting therapy, and clients with known liver disease should not be
given divalproex sodium. There is a boxed warning for hepatotoxicity. Thyroid level,
WBC count, and cardiac enzymes do not have to be performed routinely before starting
this medication
Which factor would contribute to a high-risk pregnancy?
blood type O positive
history of allergy to honey bee pollen
type 1 diabetes
first pregnancy at age 33 ✅type 1 diabetes
Explanation:
A woman with a history of diabetes has an increased risk for perinatal complications,
including hypertension, preeclampsia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. The age of 33
without other risk factors does not increase risk, nor does type O-positive blood or
environmental allergens
The nurse is teaching dietary interventions to the parents of a child with an elevated
blood lead level (EBLL). Which nutrient is least important to include in the child's diet?
iron
vitamin C
calcium
vitamin A ✅vitamin A
Explanation:
Vitamin A is not known to play a significant role in preventing EBLL. Calcium intake
inhibits lead absorption. Children with EBLL levels often are anemic. While this
relationship is not well understood, iron supplementation has been shown to improve
developmental outcomes. Vitamin C improves iron absorption
Review Questions and Correct Answers
Which action should a nurse include in the care plan for a 2-month-old infant with heart
failure?
Bathe the infant and administer medications before feeding.
Weigh and bathe the infant before feeding.
Feed the infant when he cries.
Allow the infant to rest before feeding. ✅Allow the infant to rest before feeding.
Explanation:
Because feeding requires so much energy, an infant with heart failure should rest
before feeding. Bathing and weighing the infant and administering medications should
be scheduled around feedings. An infant expends energy when crying; therefore, it's
best if the infant doesn't cry.
The nurse should instruct a client with heart disease to avoid which foods that contribute
to increases in serum cholesterol?
polyunsaturated fat
monounsaturated fat
phospholipids
saturated fat ✅saturated fat
Explanation:
Saturated fats raise blood cholesterol.
Polyunsaturated fats maintain blood cholesterol.
Monounsaturated fats may help to maintain or lower blood cholesterol.
Phospholipids do not have an effect on cholesterol but act as emulsifiers, keeping fats
dispersed in water.
When assessing a client with pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla that
secretes excessive catecholamine, the nurse is most likely to detect:
bradycardia.
a blood glucose level of 130 mg/dl (7.2 mmol/L).
a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg.
a blood pressure of 176/88 mm Hg ✅a blood pressure of 176/88 mm Hg.
Explanation:
, Pheochromocytoma causes hypertension, tachycardia, hyperglycemia,
hypermetabolism, and weight loss. It isn't associated with hypotension, hypoglycemia,
or bradycardia
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder who has been prescribed
divalproex. The nurse knows that the client should have which test completed before
initiation of drug therapy?
Liver function
Thyroid level
Cardiac enzymes
White blood cell (WBC) count ✅Liver function
Explanation:
Baseline liver function tests and a complete blood count with platelets should be
obtained before starting therapy, and clients with known liver disease should not be
given divalproex sodium. There is a boxed warning for hepatotoxicity. Thyroid level,
WBC count, and cardiac enzymes do not have to be performed routinely before starting
this medication
Which factor would contribute to a high-risk pregnancy?
blood type O positive
history of allergy to honey bee pollen
type 1 diabetes
first pregnancy at age 33 ✅type 1 diabetes
Explanation:
A woman with a history of diabetes has an increased risk for perinatal complications,
including hypertension, preeclampsia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. The age of 33
without other risk factors does not increase risk, nor does type O-positive blood or
environmental allergens
The nurse is teaching dietary interventions to the parents of a child with an elevated
blood lead level (EBLL). Which nutrient is least important to include in the child's diet?
iron
vitamin C
calcium
vitamin A ✅vitamin A
Explanation:
Vitamin A is not known to play a significant role in preventing EBLL. Calcium intake
inhibits lead absorption. Children with EBLL levels often are anemic. While this
relationship is not well understood, iron supplementation has been shown to improve
developmental outcomes. Vitamin C improves iron absorption
