QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
AEmoleculeEwithEspecificityEforEaEgivenEreceptor,EandEbindingEbetweenEtheEtwoEcausesEaEchange.E-
EANSWEREligand
interactionEbetweenEaEcellEreleasingEaEligand,EandEtheEtargetEcellEreceivingEtheEmessageE-
EANSWEREintercellularEcommunication
shortEdistanceEsignaling,EimportantEduringEdevelopmentEforEsecretionEofEgrowthEfactorsE-
EANSWEREparacrineEsignaling
occursEacrossEaEsynapseE-EANSWEREsynapticEsignaling
smallEgapEbetweenEsignalingEcellEandEtargetEcellE-EANSWEREsynapse
aEclassEofEligandEmoleculesEreleasedEfromEneurons,EpackagedEinEvesiclesE-EANSWEREneurotransmitters
whenEaEcellEactsEasEbothEsenderEandEreceiverEofEaEmessage.ECommonEtoEimmuneEandEcancerEcellsE-
EANSWEREAutocrineEsignaling
signalingEoverElongEdistancesEthroughEtheEcirculatoryEsystem,EcommonlyEthroughEhormonesE-
EANSWEREEndocrineEsignaling
ligandsEusedEasEmessengersEinEendocrineEsignalingE-EANSWEREhormones
involvesEcontactEbetweenEcells.Eex:EgapEjunctionsE-EANSWEREDirectEcell-to-cellEsignaling
communicationEwithinEcellsE-EANSWEREintracellularEsignaling
, occursEthroughEreceptorsEusuallyEinEcellEmembraneE-EANSWEREreception
whenEtheEsignalingEmoleculeEcausesEanEintracellularEchange,EoftenEinEaEseriesEofEstepsEorEpathwayE-
EANSWEREtransduction
moleculesEinvolvedEinEtheEsignalEtransductionEpathwayE-EANSWERErelayEmolecules
plasmaEmembraneEreceptorsEthatEworkEwithEtheEhelpEofEaEGEproteinE-EANSWEREGEprotein-
coupledEreceptorsE(GPCRs)
AEproteinEthatEbindsEtoEGTPEandEhydrolyzesEitEbackEtoEGDPE-EANSWEREGEprotein
Enzyme-
linkedEreceptorEmoleculesEthatEusuallyEbindEtoEgrowthEfactorEligandsEandEcoordinateEmultipleEtransductio
nEpathwaysEatEaEtimeE-EANSWEREreceptorEtyrosineEkinases
whenEtyrosineEkinasesEonEoneEmonomerEstalkEphosphorylateEtheEoppositeEmonomerE-EANSWEREauto-
phosphorylation
ionEchannelsEthatEopenEinEresponseEtoEtheEbindingEofEaEligand,EmostEcommonlyEneurotransmittersE-
EANSWEREligand-gatedEionEchannels
locatedEwithinEaEcell'sEcytoplasmEorEnucleus,EcommonlyEbindEwithEhydrophobicEmoleculesElikeEsteroidEand
EthyroidEhormones,EvitaminED3.E-EANSWEREIntracellularEreceptors
requiredEtoEtransportEsteroidsE(hydrophobic)EthroughEtheEbloodstreamE(hydrophilic)E-
EANSWEREcarrierEmolecule
proteinsEthatEcontrolEtheEtranscriptionEofEaEgeneEintoEmRNAE-EANSWEREtranscriptionEfactors
theEspecificEpairingEofEaEligandEwithEitsEreceptorEthatEleadsEtoEaEresponseE-EANSWEREspecificity