NU 2320 Exam II Guide With
Complete Solution
What is stereotyping? - ANSWER Ascribing certain beliefs and behaviors
about a given racial and ethnic group to an individual without assessing for
individual differences; Stereotypes can be negative (i.e. All black people are
lazy) or positive (All Asians are smart). Either positive or negative can be
harmful and should not be used by nurses.
Prejudice vs Racism - ANSWER Prejudice is the emotional manifestation or
deeply held beliefs (stereotypes) about a group. Prejudice is directed towards
members of that group. Prejudice usually refers to negative feelings.
Racism on the other hand is a form of prejudice in which someone or an
institution exercises a form of power against people who are judged to be
inferior. Racism emanates from the person in a position of power.
For example, AA professor does not like Latino students and give them all Fs.
This would be racism because the teacher is in a position of power. If
Caucasian students do not like AA professor because she is black, would be
prejudice but not racism, because the student is in a position of power.
Ethnocentrism - ANSWER The belief that one's own cultural group
determines the standards by which another group's behavior is judged. For
example, American pushing its beliefs and values on other countries.
Cultural Imposition - ANSWER The act of imposing one's cultural beliefs,
values, and practices on individuals from another culture. For example,
nurses impose their values on clients when they forcefully promote
,biomedical traditions while ignoring the client's value of non-Western
treatments such as acupuncture, herbal therapy, etc.
Cultural Conflict - ANSWER A perceived threat that may arise from a
misunderstanding of expectations when nurses are unable to respond
appropriately to another individual's cultural practice because of
unfamiliarity with the practice (i.e. nurses sees bruises on child's back and
assumes child abuse when it may be the practice of cupping or coining).
Culture Shock - ANSWER The feeling of helplessness, discomfort, and
disorientation experienced by an individual attempting to understand or
effectively adapt to a cultural group whose beliefs and values are radically
different from the individual's culture. In the above example about cupping
or coining, a nurse who is unfamiliar with such practices can experience
extreme feelings of anxiety about the practice if they are not familiar with it.
Genogram - ANSWER Displays pertinent family information in a family tree
format that shows family members and their relationships over at least three
generations.
Outline for Genogram Interview - ANSWER First name
Age
Date of birth
Occupation
Health problems
Cause of death
Dates of marriages, divorces, separations, commitments, cohabitation, and
, remarriages
Education level
Ethnic or religious background
Ecomap - ANSWER A visual diagram of the family unit in relation to other
units or subsystems in the community.
Shows the nature of the relationships among family members, and between
family members and the community.
An overview of the family, picturing both important nurturing connections
and stress-producing connections between the family and the environment.
Family Assessment Tool: the ecomap - ANSWER A visual representation of
family relationships, communication patterns, and support systems outside
immediate family boundaries.
Ecomap KEY - ANSWER KEY:
Blank circles outside the center circle represent systems the family interacts
with. You can place as many as the family needs.
A broken line represents a tenuous or distant relationship. - - - - - - - - -
Arrows represent the direction of the flow of energy. The energy can flow
into and/or out from the family.
A straight line with hash marks denotes a relationship with tension. -/-/-/-/-/
A straight line _____ represents a strong or close relationship; the thicker the
line, the stronger the relationship.
Friedman family assessment model - ANSWER Macroscopic approach to
Complete Solution
What is stereotyping? - ANSWER Ascribing certain beliefs and behaviors
about a given racial and ethnic group to an individual without assessing for
individual differences; Stereotypes can be negative (i.e. All black people are
lazy) or positive (All Asians are smart). Either positive or negative can be
harmful and should not be used by nurses.
Prejudice vs Racism - ANSWER Prejudice is the emotional manifestation or
deeply held beliefs (stereotypes) about a group. Prejudice is directed towards
members of that group. Prejudice usually refers to negative feelings.
Racism on the other hand is a form of prejudice in which someone or an
institution exercises a form of power against people who are judged to be
inferior. Racism emanates from the person in a position of power.
For example, AA professor does not like Latino students and give them all Fs.
This would be racism because the teacher is in a position of power. If
Caucasian students do not like AA professor because she is black, would be
prejudice but not racism, because the student is in a position of power.
Ethnocentrism - ANSWER The belief that one's own cultural group
determines the standards by which another group's behavior is judged. For
example, American pushing its beliefs and values on other countries.
Cultural Imposition - ANSWER The act of imposing one's cultural beliefs,
values, and practices on individuals from another culture. For example,
nurses impose their values on clients when they forcefully promote
,biomedical traditions while ignoring the client's value of non-Western
treatments such as acupuncture, herbal therapy, etc.
Cultural Conflict - ANSWER A perceived threat that may arise from a
misunderstanding of expectations when nurses are unable to respond
appropriately to another individual's cultural practice because of
unfamiliarity with the practice (i.e. nurses sees bruises on child's back and
assumes child abuse when it may be the practice of cupping or coining).
Culture Shock - ANSWER The feeling of helplessness, discomfort, and
disorientation experienced by an individual attempting to understand or
effectively adapt to a cultural group whose beliefs and values are radically
different from the individual's culture. In the above example about cupping
or coining, a nurse who is unfamiliar with such practices can experience
extreme feelings of anxiety about the practice if they are not familiar with it.
Genogram - ANSWER Displays pertinent family information in a family tree
format that shows family members and their relationships over at least three
generations.
Outline for Genogram Interview - ANSWER First name
Age
Date of birth
Occupation
Health problems
Cause of death
Dates of marriages, divorces, separations, commitments, cohabitation, and
, remarriages
Education level
Ethnic or religious background
Ecomap - ANSWER A visual diagram of the family unit in relation to other
units or subsystems in the community.
Shows the nature of the relationships among family members, and between
family members and the community.
An overview of the family, picturing both important nurturing connections
and stress-producing connections between the family and the environment.
Family Assessment Tool: the ecomap - ANSWER A visual representation of
family relationships, communication patterns, and support systems outside
immediate family boundaries.
Ecomap KEY - ANSWER KEY:
Blank circles outside the center circle represent systems the family interacts
with. You can place as many as the family needs.
A broken line represents a tenuous or distant relationship. - - - - - - - - -
Arrows represent the direction of the flow of energy. The energy can flow
into and/or out from the family.
A straight line with hash marks denotes a relationship with tension. -/-/-/-/-/
A straight line _____ represents a strong or close relationship; the thicker the
line, the stronger the relationship.
Friedman family assessment model - ANSWER Macroscopic approach to
