Egan's Chapter 4 TEST (Graded A+ actual test)

What are the limitations to pasteurization? - it doesnt kill all microorganisms What are clinical conditions that increase the likelihood of aspiration? - unable to swallow, swollen esophagus, laying down What are examples of a direct contact disease? - HIV, Hepatitis A, Staph What is the most common indirect contact transmission in the health care? - unwashed hands of health care personnel How do you properly clean a bronchoscope? - -disinfect, rinse, and dry -to disinfect: immerse in HL disinfectant and perfuse disinfectant into the suction/biopsy channel and air/water channel and expose for 20 minutes How do you dispose of contaminated items? - place in an impervious bag and return to the applicable processing area What are some conditions that require you to wear gloves? - patient care, contacting body fluids, contacting non intact skin, handling contaminated equipment What route of transmission occurs via the spread of airborne droplet nuclei? - airborne transmission What are the 3 elements needed for infection to spread? - (1) source (2) susceptible host (3) route of transmission What is the primary source of infectious agents? - humansWhat are the major routes for transmission? - contact, droplet, airborne, vehicle, vector-borne What is the most common route of transmission? - contact What are the 2 types of contact transmission? - direct and indirect What type of contact transmission occurs when a pathogen is transmitted from one person to another directly? - direct contact What type of contact transmission is the most frequent mode and involves the transfer of a pathogen through a contaminated intermediate object or person? - indirect contact What are examples of a indirect contact disease? - Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hepatitis B and C What route of transmission is a form of contact transmission, but is distinct and additional prevention measures are required? - droplet transmission What are examples of diseases spread by droplet transmission? - Diphtheria, Pertussis, Strep, Mumps, Rubella What are examples of diseases spread by airborne transmission? - TB, Varicella, Measels, Small pox What is the first step in equipment processing? - cleaning What should be used as soaps in the cleaning process? - detergents or enzymatic cleaners and brushes What chemical disinfect kills both vegetative and spore bacterial form? - ETOWhich disinfect is used to clean blood spills? - bleach mixed with water What is the most common, most efficient, quick, cheap, and easiest sterilization method? - Steam sterilization (steam under pressure) How do nebulizers become contaminated? - by contaminated medications or contaminated tap water How do you keep nebulizers from being a source of transmission? - 1) clean between use on patients (2) replace with sterile units (3) use sterile fluids and (4) use single use vials How to decrease the risk of infection while using a ventilator circuit? - use HEPA filters, sterile water, and drain condensate When does sterile fluid have to be discarded? - 24 hours What type of PPE protects mucosal surfaces against splashes or sprays? - masks When do you wear a mask? - during patient activities that may produce splashes of body fluids, or when patient has a droplet or airborne disease Why do you wear a gown? - to protect skin and prevent soiling of clothing When do you wear a gown? - when the patient has an infectious disease or when handling body fluids that may spray or splash When do you request a private room for a patient? - if the patients contaminates the environment What are the guidelines for moving an infected patient? - be sure yourself and the patient wear a mask, be sure you wear a gown and gloves, notify the health care personnel at the arrival of what infection control measures are requiredWhen do you double bag contaminated items? - (1) if the outer surface of the bag was contaminated (2) if the item has sharp points that may penetrate the single bag