TEST BANK For Edmunds' Pharmacology for the Primary Care
Provider, 5th Edition by Constance Visovsky
pharmacology - ANSWER:study of substances that interact with living organisms
through chemical processes
medical pharmacology - ANSWER:science of substances used to prevent, diagnose
and treat disease
indication - ANSWER:reason or condition for which a particular medication is given
dose - ANSWER:amount of medication given within a specified period of time (single,
maximum, cumulative)
strength - ANSWER:amount of medication contained per tablet, capsule,
suppository, etc.
titration - ANSWER:administering a medication with variable strength, interval, and
quantity to achieve and maintain a desired observable physiological effect (pain ctrl)
contraindication - ANSWER:medical reason not to give a medication
absolute contraindication - ANSWER:medical reason to NEVER give a medication
relative contraindication - ANSWER:medical reason a medication should not be
given, but may be acceptable in certain circumstances
allergy - ANSWER:immune response in which there is a hypersensitivity response
induced by exposure to a particular medication
side effect - ANSWER:unintended, but not surprising consequence of a medication
which may require a medication dose be changed or discontinued
therapeutic effect - ANSWER:desired change in physiology for administering the
medication
therapeutic level - ANSWER:blood level of a medication required to achieve the
therapeutic effect
toxic level - ANSWER:blood level of a medication which will cause tissue damage
therapeutic range - ANSWER:variable blood levels of a medication between the
therapeutic level and the toxic level
, therapeutic window - ANSWER:range of acceptable DOSAGES of a medication
needed to keep blood levels within the therapeutic range
peak - ANSWER:when medication is at its highest concentration
trough - ANSWER:lowest blood level of a medication between doses
half-life - ANSWER:time it takes for the body to eliminate half the dose of medication
steady state - ANSWER:relatively constant blood level of medication which is
sustained after 5-6 half lives of a medication
tolerance - ANSWER:when the body has adapted to having a medication regularly
and now requires a higher or more frequent doses to achieve the therapeutic effect
resistance - ANSWER:when infectious organisms adapt to antibiotics and it takes
either higher doses of same medication or a change to a different medication to kill
the organisms
metabolism - ANSWER:process of the body to break down and eliminate medications
most metabolized by the liver or kidneys
dosing interval - ANSWER:recommended time period between doses of a medication
onset - ANSWER:time until a medication's therapeutic effect begins
duration of effect - ANSWER:time until the medication's therapeutic effect wears off
duration of therapy - ANSWER:length of time a course of medication is continued to
ensure the desired effect is maintained
dosing parameters - ANSWER:all the limitations, considerations, and instructions
required regarding a medication
helps achieve the desired physiological response
minimize side effects
factors affecting dosing - ANSWER:body weight
co-morbidities (other medical problems)
age (metabolism slows with age)
Pt understanding dosing parameters importance - ANSWER:-too little: not achieve
therapeutic effects
-too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
antibiotics - ANSWER:medications which kill or inhibit the reproduction of bacteria
bacteria classification - ANSWER:Gram Stain Testing to find out:
Provider, 5th Edition by Constance Visovsky
pharmacology - ANSWER:study of substances that interact with living organisms
through chemical processes
medical pharmacology - ANSWER:science of substances used to prevent, diagnose
and treat disease
indication - ANSWER:reason or condition for which a particular medication is given
dose - ANSWER:amount of medication given within a specified period of time (single,
maximum, cumulative)
strength - ANSWER:amount of medication contained per tablet, capsule,
suppository, etc.
titration - ANSWER:administering a medication with variable strength, interval, and
quantity to achieve and maintain a desired observable physiological effect (pain ctrl)
contraindication - ANSWER:medical reason not to give a medication
absolute contraindication - ANSWER:medical reason to NEVER give a medication
relative contraindication - ANSWER:medical reason a medication should not be
given, but may be acceptable in certain circumstances
allergy - ANSWER:immune response in which there is a hypersensitivity response
induced by exposure to a particular medication
side effect - ANSWER:unintended, but not surprising consequence of a medication
which may require a medication dose be changed or discontinued
therapeutic effect - ANSWER:desired change in physiology for administering the
medication
therapeutic level - ANSWER:blood level of a medication required to achieve the
therapeutic effect
toxic level - ANSWER:blood level of a medication which will cause tissue damage
therapeutic range - ANSWER:variable blood levels of a medication between the
therapeutic level and the toxic level
, therapeutic window - ANSWER:range of acceptable DOSAGES of a medication
needed to keep blood levels within the therapeutic range
peak - ANSWER:when medication is at its highest concentration
trough - ANSWER:lowest blood level of a medication between doses
half-life - ANSWER:time it takes for the body to eliminate half the dose of medication
steady state - ANSWER:relatively constant blood level of medication which is
sustained after 5-6 half lives of a medication
tolerance - ANSWER:when the body has adapted to having a medication regularly
and now requires a higher or more frequent doses to achieve the therapeutic effect
resistance - ANSWER:when infectious organisms adapt to antibiotics and it takes
either higher doses of same medication or a change to a different medication to kill
the organisms
metabolism - ANSWER:process of the body to break down and eliminate medications
most metabolized by the liver or kidneys
dosing interval - ANSWER:recommended time period between doses of a medication
onset - ANSWER:time until a medication's therapeutic effect begins
duration of effect - ANSWER:time until the medication's therapeutic effect wears off
duration of therapy - ANSWER:length of time a course of medication is continued to
ensure the desired effect is maintained
dosing parameters - ANSWER:all the limitations, considerations, and instructions
required regarding a medication
helps achieve the desired physiological response
minimize side effects
factors affecting dosing - ANSWER:body weight
co-morbidities (other medical problems)
age (metabolism slows with age)
Pt understanding dosing parameters importance - ANSWER:-too little: not achieve
therapeutic effects
-too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
antibiotics - ANSWER:medications which kill or inhibit the reproduction of bacteria
bacteria classification - ANSWER:Gram Stain Testing to find out:
