ISDS-406 Midterm
What is Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) - correct answer ✔List of tasks
hierarchically numbered. WBS uses a top-down approach with high lvl tasks
defined first, then further broken down into subtasks
How does one start a questionnaire? - correct answer ✔Start w/ business
requirements or Start w/ as-is system or process
Which of the following is NOT a reason why do about 50% of large system
development projects fail?
a) Missed deadlines
b) Poor planning
c) Comes down to if project was correctly carefully planned & whether the
organization stuck to the plan
d) Big data - correct answer ✔d) Big Data
Describe "Black Hole" in DFD - correct answer ✔An instance in the Data
Flow Diagram where a process has an input but no output (it just "consumes"
data). This is an error.
One of the goals in Analysis Phase is: - correct answer ✔Collect and
Analyze Requirements. Develop new system concept and describe new
system with analysis model.
What are the guidelines for creating DFDs? - correct answer ✔Never have
data flowing from one entity to another
Never have data flowing from an entity to a data store
Never have data flowing a data store to an entity
,Never have data flowing from one data store to another
*Processes must be in between each
What is the purpose of a context diagram? - correct answer ✔There are
several levels of DFDs, so the context diagram is the top level showing the
entire system in context with the environment. Lower levels then give more
detail. A context diagram shows the overall business process, without data
stores.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main elements/symbols in the
type of diagram that is thoroughly explained in Chapter 5? - correct answer
✔Customer (triangle)
Which of the following statements about the waterfall methodology is true? -
correct answer ✔The waterfall methodology moves sequentially from
planning, to analysis, to design, to implementation. Each part of the SDLC is
carefully completed before moving on to next step.
Project managers always face trade-offs among three critical aspects of a
project. If one changes, it affects the other two. What are those three critical
aspects? - correct answer ✔Project Cost, Project Scope, Project Time
Technology Analysis - correct answer ✔- Analysts and employees both list
important and interesting technologies
- The group goes through each list and identifies how each might be applied
to the business and how the business might benefit
Key aspects of working on a team (3 C's) - correct answer ✔-
Communication: Expectations and team cohesion
- Conveyance: Sharing task information and work
,- Convergence: Making decisions about the work
What is an advantage and disadvantage of systems prototyping? - correct
answer ✔Advantage
- Users get to work with the prototype very quickly.
- Feedback cycle let users identify change and refine requirement.
Disadvantage
- Overlooked features may be hard to add later.
- Initial design decision may be poor.
Project charter - correct answer ✔Formal document that specifies key rules
& standards for working together on a project (individual deadlines, meetings,
work status reporting, availability, person or online documentation storage).
Authorizes the system to begin the SDLC phase for.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) - correct answer ✔List of tasks
hierarchically numbered where high-level tasks are defined first & then broken
into subtasks. (top-down approach, backbone of work plan)
Time boxing - correct answer ✔Sets tight but realistic deadline; identify core,
essential functional requirements
- Focus just to essential functions
-High quality stressed
-Other functions will be added later
-Repeat to add refinements & enhancements
Scope creep - correct answer ✔Happens when new requirements are added
to the project after the original project scope was defined. Can happen bc
users realize new functionality useful
, Do's and Don't for motivating employees - correct answer ✔Do: recognition,
achievement in work itself, responsibility, advancement, chance to learn new
skills, free dinner, awards
Don't: assign unrealistic deadlines, ignore good efforts, create low-quality
products, give everyone on the project a equal raise, make important
decisions w/out team's input, poor working conditions
What is timeboxing - correct answer ✔A technique for ensuring the most
critical requirements of the software are deployed in a timely manner, with
enhancements coming later if needed.
Timeboxing - a fixed deadline for a project and delivers the system by that
deadline no matter what, even if functionality needs to be reduced.
How many gathering strategies are there? - correct answer ✔8 gathering
strategies (Problem analysis, Root cause analysis, duration analysis, activity-
based analysis, informal benchmarking, outcome analysis, technology
analysis, activity elmination
One of the outcomes of using a use case is: - correct answer ✔describe all
the tasks that users need to perform using the system & giving out instructions
in case of emergency happens outside or the normal course of the system
How many steps does Planning phase have? and what are they? - correct
answer ✔The planning phase has 2 steps:
1) Project initiation
-system's business value is identified
-system request
-feasibility analysis (can we build it?)(will it provide value?)(if we build it will
w=it be used?)
What is Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) - correct answer ✔List of tasks
hierarchically numbered. WBS uses a top-down approach with high lvl tasks
defined first, then further broken down into subtasks
How does one start a questionnaire? - correct answer ✔Start w/ business
requirements or Start w/ as-is system or process
Which of the following is NOT a reason why do about 50% of large system
development projects fail?
a) Missed deadlines
b) Poor planning
c) Comes down to if project was correctly carefully planned & whether the
organization stuck to the plan
d) Big data - correct answer ✔d) Big Data
Describe "Black Hole" in DFD - correct answer ✔An instance in the Data
Flow Diagram where a process has an input but no output (it just "consumes"
data). This is an error.
One of the goals in Analysis Phase is: - correct answer ✔Collect and
Analyze Requirements. Develop new system concept and describe new
system with analysis model.
What are the guidelines for creating DFDs? - correct answer ✔Never have
data flowing from one entity to another
Never have data flowing from an entity to a data store
Never have data flowing a data store to an entity
,Never have data flowing from one data store to another
*Processes must be in between each
What is the purpose of a context diagram? - correct answer ✔There are
several levels of DFDs, so the context diagram is the top level showing the
entire system in context with the environment. Lower levels then give more
detail. A context diagram shows the overall business process, without data
stores.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main elements/symbols in the
type of diagram that is thoroughly explained in Chapter 5? - correct answer
✔Customer (triangle)
Which of the following statements about the waterfall methodology is true? -
correct answer ✔The waterfall methodology moves sequentially from
planning, to analysis, to design, to implementation. Each part of the SDLC is
carefully completed before moving on to next step.
Project managers always face trade-offs among three critical aspects of a
project. If one changes, it affects the other two. What are those three critical
aspects? - correct answer ✔Project Cost, Project Scope, Project Time
Technology Analysis - correct answer ✔- Analysts and employees both list
important and interesting technologies
- The group goes through each list and identifies how each might be applied
to the business and how the business might benefit
Key aspects of working on a team (3 C's) - correct answer ✔-
Communication: Expectations and team cohesion
- Conveyance: Sharing task information and work
,- Convergence: Making decisions about the work
What is an advantage and disadvantage of systems prototyping? - correct
answer ✔Advantage
- Users get to work with the prototype very quickly.
- Feedback cycle let users identify change and refine requirement.
Disadvantage
- Overlooked features may be hard to add later.
- Initial design decision may be poor.
Project charter - correct answer ✔Formal document that specifies key rules
& standards for working together on a project (individual deadlines, meetings,
work status reporting, availability, person or online documentation storage).
Authorizes the system to begin the SDLC phase for.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) - correct answer ✔List of tasks
hierarchically numbered where high-level tasks are defined first & then broken
into subtasks. (top-down approach, backbone of work plan)
Time boxing - correct answer ✔Sets tight but realistic deadline; identify core,
essential functional requirements
- Focus just to essential functions
-High quality stressed
-Other functions will be added later
-Repeat to add refinements & enhancements
Scope creep - correct answer ✔Happens when new requirements are added
to the project after the original project scope was defined. Can happen bc
users realize new functionality useful
, Do's and Don't for motivating employees - correct answer ✔Do: recognition,
achievement in work itself, responsibility, advancement, chance to learn new
skills, free dinner, awards
Don't: assign unrealistic deadlines, ignore good efforts, create low-quality
products, give everyone on the project a equal raise, make important
decisions w/out team's input, poor working conditions
What is timeboxing - correct answer ✔A technique for ensuring the most
critical requirements of the software are deployed in a timely manner, with
enhancements coming later if needed.
Timeboxing - a fixed deadline for a project and delivers the system by that
deadline no matter what, even if functionality needs to be reduced.
How many gathering strategies are there? - correct answer ✔8 gathering
strategies (Problem analysis, Root cause analysis, duration analysis, activity-
based analysis, informal benchmarking, outcome analysis, technology
analysis, activity elmination
One of the outcomes of using a use case is: - correct answer ✔describe all
the tasks that users need to perform using the system & giving out instructions
in case of emergency happens outside or the normal course of the system
How many steps does Planning phase have? and what are they? - correct
answer ✔The planning phase has 2 steps:
1) Project initiation
-system's business value is identified
-system request
-feasibility analysis (can we build it?)(will it provide value?)(if we build it will
w=it be used?)
