1. Heredity Factors
- Answer: Heredity is when parents pass on certain traits to their offspring.
2. Genes and Traits
- Genome: Contains DNA; sequences of DNA called genes control traits in an individual.
- RNA: Responsible for coding, decoding, regulating, and performing other functions in a cell, influencing
the development of traits.
3. Definitions of Key Terms:
- Genotype: The genetic makeup of an individual.
- Phenotype: The expressed traits in an individual, which can be influenced by multiple genes.
4. Inheritance:
- Answer: Traits are inherited from parents, exemplified by dominant and recessive traits (e.g., brown
eyes vs. blue eyes).
5. Genetic Influence:
- Some diseases (e.g., Huntington's disease, sickle cell anemia) are inherited. Genetic factors may
influence personality traits, but the role of the environment in shaping traits like aggression is debated.
6. Environmental Influences:
- Physical traits are generally predetermined at birth, but behavioral aspects develop during early
childhood, influenced by:
- Nutrition: Essential for brain and physical development.
- Caregiving and Parenting: Stable environments contribute to healthy development.
- Culture: Community and societal values shape behavior and personality.
- Education: Early education fosters emotional and cognitive growth.