tradition - ANSWER-the way things have been done
authority - ANSWER-from experts
research - ANSWER-systematic inquiry to develop knowledge or solve a problem
nursing research - ANSWER-systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about
issues of importance to the nursing profession
who started research in nursing - ANSWER-florence nightingale
first organization to fund nursing research - ANSWER-sigma theta tau
international nursing society
first things studied in nursing research - ANSWER-educational prep of nurse
teachers, admins, public health nurses, and clinical experience of nursing
students
focus of nursing research in 1950s - ANSWER-nurses: who, what, why,
characteristics, perception
nursing research journal began publigaiton in 1952 - ANSWER-nursing research
1960s nursing research - ANSWER-practice-oreientation research on clinical
topics
further nursing research in 1970s - ANSWER-scientific base for practice
2 major 1980s developments - ANSWER-research priorities, research utilization
major development of 1990s - ANSWER-establishment of national institute of
nursing research
, NINR supports what - ANSWER-health lifestyles, quality of life, etc.
NINR grants - ANSWER-research grants, traning grants, career development
grants, center grants
R grants - ANSWER-research grants
T grants - ANSWER-training grants
F grants - ANSWER-training grants
K grants - ANSWER-career development grants
purposes of nursing research - ANSWER-basic, applied, identification,
description, exploration, explanation, prediction
research utilization - ANSWER-more narrow than evidence based practice
use of study findings in a practical application
evidence based practice - ANSWER-broader than research utilization
basing clinical decisions on best possible evidence
systematic review - ANSWER-collection of relevant primary papers that deal with
a focused question
class of recommendation - ANSWER-indicates strength of a recommendation and
requires judgement about strenghts and weakness of study data
class 1 > class 3
levels of evidence - ANSWER-combines an objective description of the existence
and the types of studies supporting the recomendation and expert concensus
level a - multiple random
level b - single random
level c - opinions
hierarchy of evidence - ANSWER-level VII (lowest) to level 1
barriers to using research in nursing practice - ANSWER-research related,
nursing related, organizaitonal