Exam (elaborations) AP PSYCHOLOGY ASSIGNMENT

AP PSYCHOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
in ____ reinforcement, the reinforcer follows every correct response - CORRECT
ANSWER-continuous

in pavlov's experiment with dogs, salivation was the - CORRECT ANSWER-
unconditioned response

the presentation of an aversive stimulus or the removal of a positive stimulus are both
examples of - CORRECT ANSWER-punishment

in classical conditioning, learning is evident when a - CORRECT ANSWER-stimulus
which did not initally produce a response now elicits that response

in thorndike's law of effect, events critical for conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER-occur
after the response

if you have a snake phobia because you once heard a loud noise while looking at a
snake, for you a snake is a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER-conditioned stimulus

a series of responses that gradually approach a desired pattern of behavior are called -
CORRECT ANSWER-successive approximants

if the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can
expect - CORRECT ANSWER-extinction to occur

a child had learned to avoid a furry, black cat. however, she still plays with her
grandmother's short-haired tabby. her response demonstrates - CORRECT ANSWER-
discrimination

punishment is most effective in surpressing behavior when it is - CORRECT ANSWER-
immediate, consistent, intense

the greatest degree of resistance to extinction is typically caused by a _____ schedule
of reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER-variable interval

in pavlov's experiments with dogs, the conditioned stimulus was the - CORRECT
ANSWER-bell

ivan pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of - CORRECT ANSWER-
classical conditioning

in pavolv's experiments with dogs, the bell (prior to conditioning) was the - CORRECT
ANSWER-neutral stimulus

, reinforcement in operant conditioning is most effective when it is - CORRECT
ANSWER-response contigent

after pairing the CS and US in a series of conditioning trials, the organism learns to
respond to the CS alone. this response is then called - CORRECT ANSWER-
conditioned response

jimmy helps his father put away dishes after dinner. jimmy's father wants to increase the
probability of this behavior and will be most successful by praising Jimmy - CORRECT
ANSWER-after all the dishes are put away

after a response has been extinguished, it will often reappear after a short time has
passed. this is called - CORRECT ANSWER-spontaneous recovery

the first grade teacher gives students stickers when they perform well. if they earn five
stickers in one day they are exempt from homework. the stickers in this are - CORRECT
ANSWER-tokens

a student does a good job on math problems for homework, and the teacher awards a
sticker. this demonstrates the use of - CORRECT ANSWER-reinforcement

in pavlov's experiments with dogs, the bell (during and after conditioning) was the -
CORRECT ANSWER-conditioned stimulus

one difference between classical and operant conditioning is that - CORRECT
ANSWER-classical conditioning involves learning in which antecedent events are
associated with one another

in classical conditioning, events critical to the learning occur ____ the response -
CORRECT ANSWER-before

a punisher can be - CORRECT ANSWER-any consequence that reduces the
occurance of a behavior

in a study of punishment, shock is administered to a hamster through a wire grid on the
bottom of the cage. to the researche's surprise, the hamster learns to role on it's back
when shocked so that its fur insulates it from the shock. the hamster's response
demonstrates - CORRECT ANSWER-negative reinforcement

becoming addicted to gambling is related to the effects of - CORRECT ANSWER-partial
reinforcement

a dog that gets rewarded for the first bark it makes in each ten minute period is being
reinforced on a _____ schedule of reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER-fixed interval