NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL EXAM
A bbodybuilder's bmuscles bwill bdisplay bhyperplasia. b- bANS-False
Barrett besophagus
bis ban bexample bof bdysplasia b- bANS-false
hypertrophy bis ban bincrease bin bthe bsize bof ban borgan bor btissue bcaused bby ban
bincrease bin bthe bnumber bof bcells b- bANS-True
Lack bof bnerve bstimulation bcan bcause bcells bto batrophy b- bANS-True
proportion bof bpeople bwith ba bdisease bwho bare bpositive bfor bthe bdisease b- bANS-
sensitivity
how blikely bthe bsame bresult bwill boccur bif brepeated b- bANS-reliability
how ba btool bmeasures bwhat bit bis bintended bto bmeasure b- bANS-validity
people bwithout bthe bdisease bwho bare bnegative bon ba bgiven btest b- bANS-specificity
Which bis bNOT btrue bof bthe bcytoskeleton? b- bANS-it bincludes bperoxisomes band
bproteasomes
Which bof bthe bfollowing bare btrue bof bthe bcell? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bANS-1:
bProteins bcarry bout bthe bfunctions bof bthe bcell bmembrane
2:Lysosomes bare bthe bdigestive bsystem bof bthe bcell
3:Microfilaments bare bthin, bthreadlike bcytoplasmic bstructures
Which bare btrue bof bthe bcell bmembrane? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bANS-1: bControls
bthe btransport bof bmaterials bfrom bthe boutside bfluids bto bwithin
2:Helps bwith bthe bconduction bof belectrical bcurrents bin bnerve band bmuscle bcells
3: bAids bin bthe bregulation bof bcell bgrowth band bproliferation
Which bare bfalse bof bthe bmitochondria? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bANS-1: bThey bare
bfound bfar bfrom bthe bsite bof benergy bconsumption.
2:They bcontrol bfree bradicals.
High bblood bpressure bis ban bexample bof bwhich bof bthe bfollowing? b- bANS-
pathophysiology
,A bpatient bcomplains bof bchest bpain band ban belevated bblood bpressure. bWhat bare
bthese bexamples bof? b- bANS-signs band bsymptoms
Which bof bthe bfollowing bis btrue bof ba btest's bsensitivity? b- bANS-If bnegative, bit bcan
bsafely bbe bassumed bthat bthe bperson bdoes bnot bhave ba bdisease
Chemical bagents b(poison, balcohol) bare bexamples bof bwhich bof bthe bfollowing? b-
bANS-Etiologic bfactors
Define btertiary bprevention band bgive ban bexample: b- bANS-Tertiary bprevention boccurs
bafter ba bdisease bhas bbeen bdiagnosed band bclinical bintervention bis bneeded bto
breduce bcomplications bor bdeterioration. bOne bexample bis bthe buse bof bcertain
bmedications bone bmust btake bafter ba bheart battack bto bhelp breduce bthe brisk bof ba
bfuture bevent bor bdeath.
Compare band bcontrast bthe btwo btypes bof bgangrenous bnecrosis. b- bANS-In bdry
bgangrene bthe baffected btissue bbecomes bdry band bshrinks, bthe bskin bwrinkles, band
bits bcolor bchanges bto bdark bbrown bor bblack. bThe bspread bof bdry bgangrene bis bslow.
bIt bresults bfrom ba bcut boff bin barterial bblood bsupply band bis ba bform bof bcoagulation
bnecrosis. bIn bwet bgangrene, bthe baffected barea bis bcold, bswollen, band bpulseless.
bThe bskin bis bmoist, bblack, band bunder btension. bBlebs bform bon bthe bsurface,
bliquefaction boccurs, band ba bfoul bodor bis bcaused bby bbacterial baction. bThe bspread
bof btissue bdamage bis brapid.
Explain bwhat bnecrosis bis band bgive ban bexample band bdescription bof bone btype bof
bnecrosis. b- bANS-necrosis bis bcell bdeath bto ban borgan bor btissue bwith bstill bbeing
bapart bof ba bliving bperson. bAn bexample bof bthis bwould bbe bluiquefactive bnecrosis.
bthis bis bwhen bthe bcells bdie band bthe bcatalytic benzymes bdo bnot bget bdestroyed bafter
bthe bcells bdeath. bThis bcould bcause bnecrosis
sunburn b- bANS-radiation binjury
obesity b- bANS-nutritional bimbalances
reactive boxygen bspecies b- bANS-free bradical binjury
low boxygen bto btissues b- bANS-hypoxic bcell binjury
fractures b- bANS-physical bagents
OTC bdrugs b- bANS-Chemical binjury
hypothermia b- bANS-physical bagents
radiation btreatment b- bANS-radiation binjury
, lead btoxicity b- bANS-chemical binjury
bacteria b- bANS-biologic bagents
List bthe b4 btypes bof btissue bfound bin bthe bbody. bPick b2 band bgive ba bdescription band
bexample bof beach. b- bANS-Epithelial btissue- bcovers bthe bbody's bouter bsurface, bit bis
bavascular band bgets bits bo2 bfrom bthe bcapillaries bfound bin bthe bneighboring
bconnective btissues, band bexample bof bthis bis bsimple bsquamous btissue bwhich bmeans
bone blayer bof bthin bcells.
Muscular btissue
Nervous btissue- bis bfound ball bthroughout bthe bbody, bhelps bwith bcommunication
bbetween btissues band bthe bcentral bnervous bsystem. bit baids bin bthe bfunctions bof bthe
bbody bdue bto binternal band bexternal bstimuli, bhelps bwith bmovement, band belectrical
bsignaling. bneurons bare ban bexample bof bthis, bthey baid bin bcommunicating bto bother
bcells bin bthe bbody, bthey bare bheld band bsupported bby bglial bcells.
Connective btissue
What bterm bmeans b"cell beating" band bengulfs band bthen bkills bmicroorganisms bor
bother bparticulate bmatter? b- bANS-Phagocytosis
What bis bthe bterm bto bdescribe bwhen bcells buse benergy bto bmove bions bagainst ban
belectrical bor bchemical bgradient? b- bANS-Active btransport
Give bone bfunction bof ba bmembrane bpotential: b- bANS-Generate bnerve bimpulse,
bmuscle bcontractions, bor bcause bhormone bsecretion
What bis bthe bterm bthat bbest bdescribes bthe bfollowing bprocess?
A btransport bprotein baiding ba blipid binsoluble bor blarge bmolecule bacross bthe bcell
bmembrane bthat bwould botherwise bnot bbe bable bto bpass bthrough bon bits bown. b-
bANS-facilitated bdiffusion
Blood btests bfor btumor bmarkers bcan bmake ba bdiagnosis bof bcancer. bWhy bor bwhy
bnot? b- bANS-False, bonly btissue bcan bdiagnose. bTumor bmarkers bare bhelpful bto
bassess bresponse bto btherapy bor breoccurrence.
Tissue bbiopsy bis bof bcritical bimportance bin bwhat brole? b- bANS-Diagnosing bthe
bcorrect bcancer band bhistology.
Explain bthe bTNM bsystem: b- bANS-T bis bthe bsize band blocal bspread bof bthe bprimary
btumor.
N bis bthe binvolvement bof bthe bregional blymph bnodes.
M bis bthe bextent bof bthe bmetastatic binvolvement.
List btwo bsigns bor bsymptoms ba bpatient bmay bpresent bwith bthat bmight bindicate ba
bcancer bdiagnosis: b- bANS-fatigue, banemia
A bbodybuilder's bmuscles bwill bdisplay bhyperplasia. b- bANS-False
Barrett besophagus
bis ban bexample bof bdysplasia b- bANS-false
hypertrophy bis ban bincrease bin bthe bsize bof ban borgan bor btissue bcaused bby ban
bincrease bin bthe bnumber bof bcells b- bANS-True
Lack bof bnerve bstimulation bcan bcause bcells bto batrophy b- bANS-True
proportion bof bpeople bwith ba bdisease bwho bare bpositive bfor bthe bdisease b- bANS-
sensitivity
how blikely bthe bsame bresult bwill boccur bif brepeated b- bANS-reliability
how ba btool bmeasures bwhat bit bis bintended bto bmeasure b- bANS-validity
people bwithout bthe bdisease bwho bare bnegative bon ba bgiven btest b- bANS-specificity
Which bis bNOT btrue bof bthe bcytoskeleton? b- bANS-it bincludes bperoxisomes band
bproteasomes
Which bof bthe bfollowing bare btrue bof bthe bcell? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bANS-1:
bProteins bcarry bout bthe bfunctions bof bthe bcell bmembrane
2:Lysosomes bare bthe bdigestive bsystem bof bthe bcell
3:Microfilaments bare bthin, bthreadlike bcytoplasmic bstructures
Which bare btrue bof bthe bcell bmembrane? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bANS-1: bControls
bthe btransport bof bmaterials bfrom bthe boutside bfluids bto bwithin
2:Helps bwith bthe bconduction bof belectrical bcurrents bin bnerve band bmuscle bcells
3: bAids bin bthe bregulation bof bcell bgrowth band bproliferation
Which bare bfalse bof bthe bmitochondria? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bANS-1: bThey bare
bfound bfar bfrom bthe bsite bof benergy bconsumption.
2:They bcontrol bfree bradicals.
High bblood bpressure bis ban bexample bof bwhich bof bthe bfollowing? b- bANS-
pathophysiology
,A bpatient bcomplains bof bchest bpain band ban belevated bblood bpressure. bWhat bare
bthese bexamples bof? b- bANS-signs band bsymptoms
Which bof bthe bfollowing bis btrue bof ba btest's bsensitivity? b- bANS-If bnegative, bit bcan
bsafely bbe bassumed bthat bthe bperson bdoes bnot bhave ba bdisease
Chemical bagents b(poison, balcohol) bare bexamples bof bwhich bof bthe bfollowing? b-
bANS-Etiologic bfactors
Define btertiary bprevention band bgive ban bexample: b- bANS-Tertiary bprevention boccurs
bafter ba bdisease bhas bbeen bdiagnosed band bclinical bintervention bis bneeded bto
breduce bcomplications bor bdeterioration. bOne bexample bis bthe buse bof bcertain
bmedications bone bmust btake bafter ba bheart battack bto bhelp breduce bthe brisk bof ba
bfuture bevent bor bdeath.
Compare band bcontrast bthe btwo btypes bof bgangrenous bnecrosis. b- bANS-In bdry
bgangrene bthe baffected btissue bbecomes bdry band bshrinks, bthe bskin bwrinkles, band
bits bcolor bchanges bto bdark bbrown bor bblack. bThe bspread bof bdry bgangrene bis bslow.
bIt bresults bfrom ba bcut boff bin barterial bblood bsupply band bis ba bform bof bcoagulation
bnecrosis. bIn bwet bgangrene, bthe baffected barea bis bcold, bswollen, band bpulseless.
bThe bskin bis bmoist, bblack, band bunder btension. bBlebs bform bon bthe bsurface,
bliquefaction boccurs, band ba bfoul bodor bis bcaused bby bbacterial baction. bThe bspread
bof btissue bdamage bis brapid.
Explain bwhat bnecrosis bis band bgive ban bexample band bdescription bof bone btype bof
bnecrosis. b- bANS-necrosis bis bcell bdeath bto ban borgan bor btissue bwith bstill bbeing
bapart bof ba bliving bperson. bAn bexample bof bthis bwould bbe bluiquefactive bnecrosis.
bthis bis bwhen bthe bcells bdie band bthe bcatalytic benzymes bdo bnot bget bdestroyed bafter
bthe bcells bdeath. bThis bcould bcause bnecrosis
sunburn b- bANS-radiation binjury
obesity b- bANS-nutritional bimbalances
reactive boxygen bspecies b- bANS-free bradical binjury
low boxygen bto btissues b- bANS-hypoxic bcell binjury
fractures b- bANS-physical bagents
OTC bdrugs b- bANS-Chemical binjury
hypothermia b- bANS-physical bagents
radiation btreatment b- bANS-radiation binjury
, lead btoxicity b- bANS-chemical binjury
bacteria b- bANS-biologic bagents
List bthe b4 btypes bof btissue bfound bin bthe bbody. bPick b2 band bgive ba bdescription band
bexample bof beach. b- bANS-Epithelial btissue- bcovers bthe bbody's bouter bsurface, bit bis
bavascular band bgets bits bo2 bfrom bthe bcapillaries bfound bin bthe bneighboring
bconnective btissues, band bexample bof bthis bis bsimple bsquamous btissue bwhich bmeans
bone blayer bof bthin bcells.
Muscular btissue
Nervous btissue- bis bfound ball bthroughout bthe bbody, bhelps bwith bcommunication
bbetween btissues band bthe bcentral bnervous bsystem. bit baids bin bthe bfunctions bof bthe
bbody bdue bto binternal band bexternal bstimuli, bhelps bwith bmovement, band belectrical
bsignaling. bneurons bare ban bexample bof bthis, bthey baid bin bcommunicating bto bother
bcells bin bthe bbody, bthey bare bheld band bsupported bby bglial bcells.
Connective btissue
What bterm bmeans b"cell beating" band bengulfs band bthen bkills bmicroorganisms bor
bother bparticulate bmatter? b- bANS-Phagocytosis
What bis bthe bterm bto bdescribe bwhen bcells buse benergy bto bmove bions bagainst ban
belectrical bor bchemical bgradient? b- bANS-Active btransport
Give bone bfunction bof ba bmembrane bpotential: b- bANS-Generate bnerve bimpulse,
bmuscle bcontractions, bor bcause bhormone bsecretion
What bis bthe bterm bthat bbest bdescribes bthe bfollowing bprocess?
A btransport bprotein baiding ba blipid binsoluble bor blarge bmolecule bacross bthe bcell
bmembrane bthat bwould botherwise bnot bbe bable bto bpass bthrough bon bits bown. b-
bANS-facilitated bdiffusion
Blood btests bfor btumor bmarkers bcan bmake ba bdiagnosis bof bcancer. bWhy bor bwhy
bnot? b- bANS-False, bonly btissue bcan bdiagnose. bTumor bmarkers bare bhelpful bto
bassess bresponse bto btherapy bor breoccurrence.
Tissue bbiopsy bis bof bcritical bimportance bin bwhat brole? b- bANS-Diagnosing bthe
bcorrect bcancer band bhistology.
Explain bthe bTNM bsystem: b- bANS-T bis bthe bsize band blocal bspread bof bthe bprimary
btumor.
N bis bthe binvolvement bof bthe bregional blymph bnodes.
M bis bthe bextent bof bthe bmetastatic binvolvement.
List btwo bsigns bor bsymptoms ba bpatient bmay bpresent bwith bthat bmight bindicate ba
bcancer bdiagnosis: b- bANS-fatigue, banemia
