Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nursing Study Guide
___ occurs when a brainstem impaired patient exhibits a persistent rhythmic or jerky movement in
one or both eyes. - ANSWER Nystagmus
A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis.
This is an example of: - ANSWER Primary prevention
A 23 year old male presents with urethritis, dysuria, and purulent urethral discharge. The suspected
diagnosis is
a. gonorrhea
b. chlamydia
c. syphilis
d. UTI - ANSWER a. gonorrhea
b. chlamydia
c. syphilis
d. UTI
A 5 year old with hx of asthma presents with extreme shortness of breath, nasal flaring, coughing,
pulsus paradox, & use of accessory muscles. There is no wheezing. Lung sounds are absent in many
areas. What is happening and what do you do next? Calling 911 is not an option -
ANSWER Severe asthma, start oxygen, inject steroid, and administer a bronchodilator
A common inhibitory CNS neurotransmitter is - ANSWER GABA
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is: - ANSWER Bence Jones proteins in urine
A disease that is native to a particular region is called - ANSWER Endemic
A Glasgow Coma Scale level of _____ indicates likely fatal damage - ANSWER 3
A loud pansystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla is most likely a result of -
ANSWER mitral regurgitation
,Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nursing Study Guide
A middle aged patient follows up today for a BP 156/94 3 weeks ago. They have no significant past
medical history, take no meds, but smoke 1.5 PPD, drink alcohol regularly, and exercise infrequently.
They are about 40# overweight and eat a high-fat high-calorie diet. Today's BP is 150/92. What is the
LEAST appropriate intervention for this patient at this time? - ANSWER Begin
antihypertensive drug therapy
A patient experiencing early symptoms of muscle twitching, cramping, and stiffness of the hands may
be demonstrating signs of - ANSWER ALS
A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this
disease. This stage of illness is called the ____________________ stage. - ANSWER Latent
A patient is seen in the clinic for reports of severe back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates
generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated
calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis is: - ANSWER Myeloma
A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake.
This is an example of: - ANSWER Secondary prevention
A patient with micro penis must be evaluated for
a. epispadias
b. endocrine disorders
c. vascular abnormalities
d. female sex assignment - ANSWER b. endocrine disorders
A progressive decrease in the force of urinary stream, dribbling urine, and difficulty initiating stream
are characteristics of
a. prostate enlargement
b. prostatitis
c. urinary calculi
d. bladder carcinoma - ANSWER a. prostate enlargement
, Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nursing Study Guide
A restrictive respiratory disorder is characterized by - ANSWER decreased residual volume
A sudden onset of eye pain and impaired vision associated with pupil dilation is characteristic of -
ANSWER Narrow angle glaucoma
A trauma patient needs fluid administration for massive blood loss. What do we know about this
treatment?
a. PRBC contain sufficient clotting factors on their own.
b. Fresh frozen plasma and platelets should also be given to the patient.
c. Albumin can be given after 4 units of PRBC.
d. Ionized calcium levels should be assessed after 4 units of PRBC. - ANSWER b. fresh frozen
plasma and platelets should be given
c. albumin can be given after 4 units of PRBC
A vessel that normally contains desaturated venous blood is the - ANSWER pulmonary
artery
A vestibular disorder manifested by the sensation of motion without actual motion is -
ANSWER Vertigo
Active immunity involves - ANSWER *Active infections
*Vaccines with dead or altered organisms
Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock? -
ANSWER crystalloids
After being released into the synapse the action of acetylcholine is limited by -
ANSWER Degradation by acetylcholinisterase
After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
medication. This is an example of - ANSWER Tertiary prevention
Practice Nursing Study Guide
___ occurs when a brainstem impaired patient exhibits a persistent rhythmic or jerky movement in
one or both eyes. - ANSWER Nystagmus
A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis.
This is an example of: - ANSWER Primary prevention
A 23 year old male presents with urethritis, dysuria, and purulent urethral discharge. The suspected
diagnosis is
a. gonorrhea
b. chlamydia
c. syphilis
d. UTI - ANSWER a. gonorrhea
b. chlamydia
c. syphilis
d. UTI
A 5 year old with hx of asthma presents with extreme shortness of breath, nasal flaring, coughing,
pulsus paradox, & use of accessory muscles. There is no wheezing. Lung sounds are absent in many
areas. What is happening and what do you do next? Calling 911 is not an option -
ANSWER Severe asthma, start oxygen, inject steroid, and administer a bronchodilator
A common inhibitory CNS neurotransmitter is - ANSWER GABA
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is: - ANSWER Bence Jones proteins in urine
A disease that is native to a particular region is called - ANSWER Endemic
A Glasgow Coma Scale level of _____ indicates likely fatal damage - ANSWER 3
A loud pansystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla is most likely a result of -
ANSWER mitral regurgitation
,Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nursing Study Guide
A middle aged patient follows up today for a BP 156/94 3 weeks ago. They have no significant past
medical history, take no meds, but smoke 1.5 PPD, drink alcohol regularly, and exercise infrequently.
They are about 40# overweight and eat a high-fat high-calorie diet. Today's BP is 150/92. What is the
LEAST appropriate intervention for this patient at this time? - ANSWER Begin
antihypertensive drug therapy
A patient experiencing early symptoms of muscle twitching, cramping, and stiffness of the hands may
be demonstrating signs of - ANSWER ALS
A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this
disease. This stage of illness is called the ____________________ stage. - ANSWER Latent
A patient is seen in the clinic for reports of severe back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates
generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated
calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis is: - ANSWER Myeloma
A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake.
This is an example of: - ANSWER Secondary prevention
A patient with micro penis must be evaluated for
a. epispadias
b. endocrine disorders
c. vascular abnormalities
d. female sex assignment - ANSWER b. endocrine disorders
A progressive decrease in the force of urinary stream, dribbling urine, and difficulty initiating stream
are characteristics of
a. prostate enlargement
b. prostatitis
c. urinary calculi
d. bladder carcinoma - ANSWER a. prostate enlargement
, Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nursing Study Guide
A restrictive respiratory disorder is characterized by - ANSWER decreased residual volume
A sudden onset of eye pain and impaired vision associated with pupil dilation is characteristic of -
ANSWER Narrow angle glaucoma
A trauma patient needs fluid administration for massive blood loss. What do we know about this
treatment?
a. PRBC contain sufficient clotting factors on their own.
b. Fresh frozen plasma and platelets should also be given to the patient.
c. Albumin can be given after 4 units of PRBC.
d. Ionized calcium levels should be assessed after 4 units of PRBC. - ANSWER b. fresh frozen
plasma and platelets should be given
c. albumin can be given after 4 units of PRBC
A vessel that normally contains desaturated venous blood is the - ANSWER pulmonary
artery
A vestibular disorder manifested by the sensation of motion without actual motion is -
ANSWER Vertigo
Active immunity involves - ANSWER *Active infections
*Vaccines with dead or altered organisms
Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock? -
ANSWER crystalloids
After being released into the synapse the action of acetylcholine is limited by -
ANSWER Degradation by acetylcholinisterase
After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
medication. This is an example of - ANSWER Tertiary prevention
