4 stages of Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development - 1. Sensorimotor (0-2)
concrete
2. Preoperational (2-7)
Intuitive, symbolically/thinking still egocenrtric
3. Concrete Operational (7-12)
Logical/ concrete reasoning/decentered thinking
4. Formal Operational (11-adult)
Abstract/symbols for abstract
2 stages of Piaget's theory of moral development - 1. Heteronomous Morality (young) rules are
unchangeable and breaking rules leads to punishment
2. Autonomous Morality (older) rules are created and punishments are not automatic
Kohlberg's 3 levels (6 stages) of moral reasoning - 1. Pre-conventional level (stages 1/2) - kids make
moral decisions to avoid punishment/safety main consideration.
2. Conventional level (stages 3/4) - kids make moral decisions in consideration of others/ fairness main
consideration.
3. Post-Conventional Level stages 5/6) - kids define their own values in terms of ethical principles. Good
of Society main consideration.
Bilingual education - for students who speak little or no english and instruction is provided in native
language as well as English
Limited English Proficient (LEP) - students who have limited mastery of English language and affects
instruction and learning
English as a Second Language (ESL) - For students who are not native of English but instruction is
provided in English
, Dunn and Dunn - Theory of individual learnings learning styles addressing environmental factors
Howard Gardners 8 Multiple Intelligences - 1. interpersonal - detects moods/motivation of others.
2. intrapersonal - self aware/intune with inter self.
3. Musical-linguistic - produce/appreciate music
4. spacial-visual - thinks in images/visualizes well
5 logical-mathematical - thinks abstractly and logically
6. bodily kinesthetic - controls body movements skillfully
7. verbal-linguistic - good verbal and word skills.
8. Naturalist - good with nature/animals
7 parts of a direct instruction lesson - 1. state learning objectives
2. review prerequisite
3. present new material
4. conduct learning probes
5. provide independent practice
6. assessment and feedback
7. review and provide distributed practice
Maslows hierarchy of needs - 1. survival
2. safety
3. belonging
4. self-esteem
5. intellectual achievement
6. aesthetic appreciation
7. self-actualization
Cambourne's 7 conditions for learning - 1. immersion
2. demonstration