General Chemistry Semester 1 Exam
Review | Latest Update | 2024/2025 |
Graded A+
What is the difference between a heterogeneous and a homogeneous mixture, and how can each
be separated?
✔✔ A heterogeneous mixture has visibly different components and can be separated by physical
means such as filtration or decantation, while a homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition
throughout and may require more complex methods like distillation for separation.
How do you determine the empirical formula of a compound from experimental data on its
composition?
✔✔ To determine the empirical formula, convert the mass percentages of each element to moles,
then divide by the smallest number of moles to find the simplest whole-number ratio of the
elements.
What is the concept of molarity, and how is it used to express the concentration of a solution?
✔✔ Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of
solution. It is used to express how much solute is present in a given volume of solution.
1
, What is the principle behind using titration to determine the concentration of a solution?
✔✔ Titration involves adding a solution of known concentration (titrant) to a solution of
unknown concentration until the reaction reaches its endpoint, allowing the concentration of the
unknown solution to be calculated.
What is the difference between the concepts of heat and temperature in chemistry?
✔✔ Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between substances or systems due to a temperature
difference, while temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a
substance.
How do you calculate the theoretical yield of a product from a chemical reaction, and what
factors can affect it?
✔✔ Theoretical yield is calculated based on the balanced chemical equation and the amount of
limiting reactant. Factors affecting it include reaction conditions, purity of reactants, and reaction
completeness.
What is the role of the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions, and how is it applied in
balancing chemical equations?
2
Review | Latest Update | 2024/2025 |
Graded A+
What is the difference between a heterogeneous and a homogeneous mixture, and how can each
be separated?
✔✔ A heterogeneous mixture has visibly different components and can be separated by physical
means such as filtration or decantation, while a homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition
throughout and may require more complex methods like distillation for separation.
How do you determine the empirical formula of a compound from experimental data on its
composition?
✔✔ To determine the empirical formula, convert the mass percentages of each element to moles,
then divide by the smallest number of moles to find the simplest whole-number ratio of the
elements.
What is the concept of molarity, and how is it used to express the concentration of a solution?
✔✔ Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of
solution. It is used to express how much solute is present in a given volume of solution.
1
, What is the principle behind using titration to determine the concentration of a solution?
✔✔ Titration involves adding a solution of known concentration (titrant) to a solution of
unknown concentration until the reaction reaches its endpoint, allowing the concentration of the
unknown solution to be calculated.
What is the difference between the concepts of heat and temperature in chemistry?
✔✔ Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between substances or systems due to a temperature
difference, while temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a
substance.
How do you calculate the theoretical yield of a product from a chemical reaction, and what
factors can affect it?
✔✔ Theoretical yield is calculated based on the balanced chemical equation and the amount of
limiting reactant. Factors affecting it include reaction conditions, purity of reactants, and reaction
completeness.
What is the role of the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions, and how is it applied in
balancing chemical equations?
2
