Test Bank For Goulds Pathophysiology for the Health
Professions 7th Edition VanMeter and Hubert Chapter 1-28 /
9780323792882 / All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
What is the pathophysiology of pyelonephritis? - ANSWER: infection travels from ureter into kidney;
pus fills fills kidney and medulla becomes inflamed
What is the common sign/symptom of pyelonephritis? - ANSWER: lower back or FLANK pain; fever
What is the pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER: anti-streptococcal antibodies are
formed, create antigen-antibody complex that lodge in glomerular capillaries
What are signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER: periorbital edema, elevated blood
pressure
What gets reabsorbed in the kidneys? - ANSWER: essential nutrients, water and electrolytes
What three substances are not in urine? - ANSWER: Cells, Glucose and Protien* (*possible trace)
What is the highest substance secreted from the kidney? - ANSWER: sodium
What hormones help with reabsoprtion of water? - ANSWER: ADH hormone and aldosterone
What hormones reduces reabsoprtion of fluid and sodium? - ANSWER: atrial Natriuretic Hormone
What does the kidney produce that helps in the stimulation of red blood cells? - ANSWER: EPO /
erythropoietin
What is being lost with chronic renal failure (anatomy)? - ANSWER: neprhons
What would azotemia indicate? - ANSWER: abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds
(such as urea, creatinine, various body waste compounds, and other nitrogen-rich compounds) in the
blood
What eleytolyte imbalnce would a patient have with end stage renal disease? - ANSWER: hyponateria
(loss sodium), hyperkalemia (high potassium), hypocalcemia (low calcium) and hyperphosphatemia
(high phosphate)
What electrolyte imbalance would you look for with diarrhea? - ANSWER: potassium
What are some complications of diarrhea? - ANSWER: dehydration, potassium imbalances, acidosis
and malnutrition
What electrolyte imbalance would you look for with vomiting? - ANSWER: hypochloremia with
increase in bicard levels
What pH imbalance would you see with vomiting? - ANSWER: Metabolic ACIDosis
What could long term vomiting caused the body to go into? - ANSWER: ketoacidosis due to glucose
deficit
What are signs of hiatal hernia? - ANSWER: heartburn, reflux, belching, discomfort after laying down
, What meal pattern should a patient have with a hiatal hernia? - ANSWER: SMALL, FREQUENT MEALS
and avoiding recumbent position after eating
What can cause GERD? - ANSWER: Any disease that causes decrease in Lower Esophageal pressure or
increased in intraabdominal pressure
What is a common sign of GERD? - ANSWER: discomfort 30 to 60 minutes after eating
What are complications of GERD? - ANSWER: ulceration of the mucosa, eventual fibrosis and stricture
of esophagus
What is gastritis? - ANSWER: Inflammation of the stomach
What causes acute gastritis? - ANSWER: infection, allergy, drugs, spicy foods, alcohol
What are common signs of gastritis? - ANSWER: hematemesis (spitting up blood), epigastric pain
What is Gastroenteritis? - ANSWER: stomach and intestines inflammation
What causes Gastroenteritis? - ANSWER: food posioning
What are common signs of gastritis? - ANSWER: severe watery diarrhea, bloody diarrhea
What is chronic gastritis? - ANSWER: atrophy of mucosa of the stomach, loss of parietal cells leads to
achorhydria, lack of intrinsic factor
What causes chronic gastritis? - ANSWER: chronic peptic ulcers, alcohol abuse and elderly
What complications are associated with chronic gastric? - ANSWER: cancer
What is the cause of peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: Decreased resistance of mucosa or excessive
hydrochloric acid or pepsin secretion
What bacteria is there a possible connection with peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: H. pylori
What are commons signs of peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: pain 2-3 hours after meals, relieved with food
What are common complications of peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: hemorrhage (occult blood in stool),
perforation leading to peritonitis
What is dumping syndrome? - ANSWER: Pyloric sphincter does not allow for chyme to be broken
down, flows into duodenum, casues hyperosmolar chyme draws fluid from VASCULAR to INTESTINE
What fluid imbalance would dumping syndrome caused? - ANSWER: hypovolemia
What are signs and symptoms of hypovolemia? - ANSWER: dizziness, weakness, RAPID PULSE,
sweating
What is common concern 2-3 hours after eating with a patient with dumping syndrome? - ANSWER:
hypoglcemia
Why is hypoglycemia a concern for a patient with dumping syndrome? - ANSWER: Blood Glucose rises
due to bolus of food; Insulin is released; Glucose drops as there is no reserve from stomach to be
released (no more food glucose); Blood Glucose drops as insulin increases=hypoglycemia
What is common sign of Choleldocholithiasis? - ANSWER: BACK AND RIGHT SHOULDER PAIN, UPPER
RIGHT PAIN
Professions 7th Edition VanMeter and Hubert Chapter 1-28 /
9780323792882 / All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
What is the pathophysiology of pyelonephritis? - ANSWER: infection travels from ureter into kidney;
pus fills fills kidney and medulla becomes inflamed
What is the common sign/symptom of pyelonephritis? - ANSWER: lower back or FLANK pain; fever
What is the pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER: anti-streptococcal antibodies are
formed, create antigen-antibody complex that lodge in glomerular capillaries
What are signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER: periorbital edema, elevated blood
pressure
What gets reabsorbed in the kidneys? - ANSWER: essential nutrients, water and electrolytes
What three substances are not in urine? - ANSWER: Cells, Glucose and Protien* (*possible trace)
What is the highest substance secreted from the kidney? - ANSWER: sodium
What hormones help with reabsoprtion of water? - ANSWER: ADH hormone and aldosterone
What hormones reduces reabsoprtion of fluid and sodium? - ANSWER: atrial Natriuretic Hormone
What does the kidney produce that helps in the stimulation of red blood cells? - ANSWER: EPO /
erythropoietin
What is being lost with chronic renal failure (anatomy)? - ANSWER: neprhons
What would azotemia indicate? - ANSWER: abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds
(such as urea, creatinine, various body waste compounds, and other nitrogen-rich compounds) in the
blood
What eleytolyte imbalnce would a patient have with end stage renal disease? - ANSWER: hyponateria
(loss sodium), hyperkalemia (high potassium), hypocalcemia (low calcium) and hyperphosphatemia
(high phosphate)
What electrolyte imbalance would you look for with diarrhea? - ANSWER: potassium
What are some complications of diarrhea? - ANSWER: dehydration, potassium imbalances, acidosis
and malnutrition
What electrolyte imbalance would you look for with vomiting? - ANSWER: hypochloremia with
increase in bicard levels
What pH imbalance would you see with vomiting? - ANSWER: Metabolic ACIDosis
What could long term vomiting caused the body to go into? - ANSWER: ketoacidosis due to glucose
deficit
What are signs of hiatal hernia? - ANSWER: heartburn, reflux, belching, discomfort after laying down
, What meal pattern should a patient have with a hiatal hernia? - ANSWER: SMALL, FREQUENT MEALS
and avoiding recumbent position after eating
What can cause GERD? - ANSWER: Any disease that causes decrease in Lower Esophageal pressure or
increased in intraabdominal pressure
What is a common sign of GERD? - ANSWER: discomfort 30 to 60 minutes after eating
What are complications of GERD? - ANSWER: ulceration of the mucosa, eventual fibrosis and stricture
of esophagus
What is gastritis? - ANSWER: Inflammation of the stomach
What causes acute gastritis? - ANSWER: infection, allergy, drugs, spicy foods, alcohol
What are common signs of gastritis? - ANSWER: hematemesis (spitting up blood), epigastric pain
What is Gastroenteritis? - ANSWER: stomach and intestines inflammation
What causes Gastroenteritis? - ANSWER: food posioning
What are common signs of gastritis? - ANSWER: severe watery diarrhea, bloody diarrhea
What is chronic gastritis? - ANSWER: atrophy of mucosa of the stomach, loss of parietal cells leads to
achorhydria, lack of intrinsic factor
What causes chronic gastritis? - ANSWER: chronic peptic ulcers, alcohol abuse and elderly
What complications are associated with chronic gastric? - ANSWER: cancer
What is the cause of peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: Decreased resistance of mucosa or excessive
hydrochloric acid or pepsin secretion
What bacteria is there a possible connection with peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: H. pylori
What are commons signs of peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: pain 2-3 hours after meals, relieved with food
What are common complications of peptic ulcers? - ANSWER: hemorrhage (occult blood in stool),
perforation leading to peritonitis
What is dumping syndrome? - ANSWER: Pyloric sphincter does not allow for chyme to be broken
down, flows into duodenum, casues hyperosmolar chyme draws fluid from VASCULAR to INTESTINE
What fluid imbalance would dumping syndrome caused? - ANSWER: hypovolemia
What are signs and symptoms of hypovolemia? - ANSWER: dizziness, weakness, RAPID PULSE,
sweating
What is common concern 2-3 hours after eating with a patient with dumping syndrome? - ANSWER:
hypoglcemia
Why is hypoglycemia a concern for a patient with dumping syndrome? - ANSWER: Blood Glucose rises
due to bolus of food; Insulin is released; Glucose drops as there is no reserve from stomach to be
released (no more food glucose); Blood Glucose drops as insulin increases=hypoglycemia
What is common sign of Choleldocholithiasis? - ANSWER: BACK AND RIGHT SHOULDER PAIN, UPPER
RIGHT PAIN
