P&O Spine Orthoses
CO
CTO
TLSO
LSO
CTLSO - answer- cervical orthosis
- cervical-thoracic orthosis
- TLSO = thoracic lumbo-sacral orthosis
- LSO = lumbo-sacral orthosis
- CTLSO = cervical-thoracic-lumbo-sacral orthosis
Objectives of Spinal Orthoses - answer1. Controlling spinal position by external forces
2. Applying corrective forces to abnormal curvatures
3. Providing spinal stabilization when soft tissues cannot
4. Restricting spinal segment movement after trauma
Orthoses work through the biomechanics effects of a ____________________ pressure
system (at minimum). - answerthree-point
Spinal Orthoses help do what 4 things - answer1. Trunk and head support
2. Motion control of motion segments
3. Spinal realignment
4. Partial weight transfer of the head to the trunk when in upright positions
Spinal Orthoses effectiveness relies on - answer▪ The points of application
▪ The direction and magnitude of forces applied
▪ The tightness of the device
▪ The type of trauma/injury and the instability produced
▪ The body habits of the individual wearing it
▪ Compliance with orthoses wearing
Negative effects of spinal orthoses - answer• Axial muscle atrophy secondary to disuse
• Immobilization can promote contracture
• Excess pressure, irritation and moisture build-up can result in skin breakdown
• Psychological dependency can occur that increases physical dependence
(C/S=psychological dependance, TLSO simply don't want to wear it)
Cervical Orthoses MUST control both ___________ and _______________ movements
of the ___________ and ____________. - answergross and intersegmental
head and neck
, C0-C1 segment involves what motions - answersignificant Flex-ext
minor lat bending
little rot
C1-C2 segment involves what motions - answerprimarily rotation (50% of all rot)
limited flex-ext
C2-C7 segment involves what motions - answerinvolve flex extension from C5-C7
lateral bending (C2-C3)
Rotation (C2-C3)
Some challenges to immobilization - answer- Extremely mobile jt complex with multiple
planes
- Little body surface available for contact which leads to:
- high incidence of skin breakdown (occiput, chin)
- pressure-related pain common (clavicles, chin)
-hygine issues limit comfort (shaving)
CO typically restrict best what motions?
Which ones do they not restrict well? - answerFlex - Ext
Rotation and Lat bend
3 types of CO - answerPhiladelphia
Cervical Collar Soft (least ROM restriction)
Aspen Reinforced Collar
- answer
Name 5 types of CTOs - answerFour poster
Malibu Collar with Thoracic Extension
SOMI
Yale
Halo
The Four Poster CTO has _____ points of contact. Name where they are. - answer4.
Mandibular/occipital supports
Anterior/Posterior thoracic plates
The Four poster CTO allows for _______ normal C/S motion - answer10-28%
The Malibu Collar with thoracic extension improves restriction in the ____________
plane - answersagittal
SOMI stands for - answerSternal Occipital Mandibular Immobilizer
CO
CTO
TLSO
LSO
CTLSO - answer- cervical orthosis
- cervical-thoracic orthosis
- TLSO = thoracic lumbo-sacral orthosis
- LSO = lumbo-sacral orthosis
- CTLSO = cervical-thoracic-lumbo-sacral orthosis
Objectives of Spinal Orthoses - answer1. Controlling spinal position by external forces
2. Applying corrective forces to abnormal curvatures
3. Providing spinal stabilization when soft tissues cannot
4. Restricting spinal segment movement after trauma
Orthoses work through the biomechanics effects of a ____________________ pressure
system (at minimum). - answerthree-point
Spinal Orthoses help do what 4 things - answer1. Trunk and head support
2. Motion control of motion segments
3. Spinal realignment
4. Partial weight transfer of the head to the trunk when in upright positions
Spinal Orthoses effectiveness relies on - answer▪ The points of application
▪ The direction and magnitude of forces applied
▪ The tightness of the device
▪ The type of trauma/injury and the instability produced
▪ The body habits of the individual wearing it
▪ Compliance with orthoses wearing
Negative effects of spinal orthoses - answer• Axial muscle atrophy secondary to disuse
• Immobilization can promote contracture
• Excess pressure, irritation and moisture build-up can result in skin breakdown
• Psychological dependency can occur that increases physical dependence
(C/S=psychological dependance, TLSO simply don't want to wear it)
Cervical Orthoses MUST control both ___________ and _______________ movements
of the ___________ and ____________. - answergross and intersegmental
head and neck
, C0-C1 segment involves what motions - answersignificant Flex-ext
minor lat bending
little rot
C1-C2 segment involves what motions - answerprimarily rotation (50% of all rot)
limited flex-ext
C2-C7 segment involves what motions - answerinvolve flex extension from C5-C7
lateral bending (C2-C3)
Rotation (C2-C3)
Some challenges to immobilization - answer- Extremely mobile jt complex with multiple
planes
- Little body surface available for contact which leads to:
- high incidence of skin breakdown (occiput, chin)
- pressure-related pain common (clavicles, chin)
-hygine issues limit comfort (shaving)
CO typically restrict best what motions?
Which ones do they not restrict well? - answerFlex - Ext
Rotation and Lat bend
3 types of CO - answerPhiladelphia
Cervical Collar Soft (least ROM restriction)
Aspen Reinforced Collar
- answer
Name 5 types of CTOs - answerFour poster
Malibu Collar with Thoracic Extension
SOMI
Yale
Halo
The Four Poster CTO has _____ points of contact. Name where they are. - answer4.
Mandibular/occipital supports
Anterior/Posterior thoracic plates
The Four poster CTO allows for _______ normal C/S motion - answer10-28%
The Malibu Collar with thoracic extension improves restriction in the ____________
plane - answersagittal
SOMI stands for - answerSternal Occipital Mandibular Immobilizer
