NURS 251 Pharm - Exam 5
1. Main
functions of the respiratory system: (1) deliver oxygen to the cells of body.
(2) remove carbon dioxide from body.
2. upper respiratory tract: outside chest cavity (nose, and nasopharynx; down to
the larynx).
3. lower respiratory tract: organs within chest (trachea, bronchial tree, and
lungs).
4. alveoli: microscopic sacs where oxygen diffuses across and exchanged for
carbon dioxide when a person breathes in air
5. the diffused oxygen is then taken to the rest of the body through the:
circulatory system
6. Several common diseases that affect airways and exchange of gas:
asthma,
COPD, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
7. Asthma: general term for recurrent and reversible shortness of breath resulting
from the narrowing of the bronchi and bronchioles.
8. COPD: consists of both emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
9. emphysema: a disease process involving inflammation of the alveoli.
10. chronic bronchitis: chronic inflammation or irritation on the lower respiratory
tract, specifically the bronchi.
11. The primary drugs used in the treatment of both asthma and COPD:
bronchodilators and a variety of anti-inflammatory and antiallergic agents.
12. All three of these diseases have one primary similarity: they all involve
obstruction of airflow through the airways.
13. Chemical Mediators: are defined as a substance released from mast cells
and white blood cells during inflammation and allergic reactions. As such,
chemical mediators are responsible for most of the symptoms and
complications associated with asthma and COPD.
14. The only chemical mediator with a known involvement where drug
therapy has been shown to help patient symptoms is: Leukotrienes
15. Leukotrienes: are potent bronchoconstrictors with a long duration of action.
They stimulate receptors responsible for bronchoconstriction, edema and other
inflammatory actions.
16. leukotriene inhibitors: a class of drugs that inhibit these actions and have
an important role in treating asthma specifically.
17. Asthma pathophysiology: -narrowing of the bronchioles can be caused by
bronchospasm, inflammation, edema and the production of mucus.
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1. Main
functions of the respiratory system: (1) deliver oxygen to the cells of body.
(2) remove carbon dioxide from body.
2. upper respiratory tract: outside chest cavity (nose, and nasopharynx; down to
the larynx).
3. lower respiratory tract: organs within chest (trachea, bronchial tree, and
lungs).
4. alveoli: microscopic sacs where oxygen diffuses across and exchanged for
carbon dioxide when a person breathes in air
5. the diffused oxygen is then taken to the rest of the body through the:
circulatory system
6. Several common diseases that affect airways and exchange of gas:
asthma,
COPD, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
7. Asthma: general term for recurrent and reversible shortness of breath resulting
from the narrowing of the bronchi and bronchioles.
8. COPD: consists of both emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
9. emphysema: a disease process involving inflammation of the alveoli.
10. chronic bronchitis: chronic inflammation or irritation on the lower respiratory
tract, specifically the bronchi.
11. The primary drugs used in the treatment of both asthma and COPD:
bronchodilators and a variety of anti-inflammatory and antiallergic agents.
12. All three of these diseases have one primary similarity: they all involve
obstruction of airflow through the airways.
13. Chemical Mediators: are defined as a substance released from mast cells
and white blood cells during inflammation and allergic reactions. As such,
chemical mediators are responsible for most of the symptoms and
complications associated with asthma and COPD.
14. The only chemical mediator with a known involvement where drug
therapy has been shown to help patient symptoms is: Leukotrienes
15. Leukotrienes: are potent bronchoconstrictors with a long duration of action.
They stimulate receptors responsible for bronchoconstriction, edema and other
inflammatory actions.
16. leukotriene inhibitors: a class of drugs that inhibit these actions and have
an important role in treating asthma specifically.
17. Asthma pathophysiology: -narrowing of the bronchioles can be caused by
bronchospasm, inflammation, edema and the production of mucus.
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