Commercial Construction
Rock
Gravel & sands
Slits & Clays
Peat & Organic Soils - ANS-Soil Types
Any substance which is or could become toxic, corrosive, explosive flammable or radioactive
and likely to be a danger to health and safety. - ANS-Contaminated Ground
- pad foundations
- strip foundations
- raft foundations - ANS-Types of shallow foundations?
They are a shallow form of spread foundation formed by rectangular, square, or sometimes
circular concrete 'pads' that support localised single-point loads such as structural columns,
groups of columns or framed structures. - ANS-what is a pad foundation?
- the nature of the structure
- the load imposed - ANS-the arrangement of pad foundations may vary depending on?
- little excavation required
- economic
- reinforcement can be added
- can be design for tight site
- easy - ANS-Pros of a Pad Foundation?
- size of pad can be large
- weak against forces
- separated foundations - ANS-Cons of a Pad Foundation?
- Conventional building method
- Cheapest
- thermal mass from floor
- simple to build and design
- can adapt to sloping sites - ANS-Pros of a Strip Foundation?
are used where the soil is of good bearing capacity. The key sizes of a strip foundation for
concrete cavity wall construction and timber frame cavity wall construction are similar -
ANS-what is a strip foundation?
- economic due to combination of foundation and floor slab
, - requires little excavation
- can cope with poor ground condition - ANS-Pros of a Raft Foundation
- requires specific treatment for point loads
- edge erosion occurs if not treated properly - ANS-Cons of a Raft Foundation
Type of foundation used for heavy loading, or construction on soft ground, composed of a
continuous slab of reinforced concrete below the entire surface. - ANS-what is a raft foundation?
1. Displacement piles
2. Replacement piles - ANS-What are the two types of Deep Foundations?
1. contiguous piles
2. secant piles - ANS-what are the two types of deep foundation used for creating a basement?
when the foundations exceed 3metres underground - ANS-when should you use deep
foundations?
These are piles which are put into holes dug or augured out of the earth. The concrete, or steel,
simply replaces the earth, clay etc..which has been excavated. - ANS-what are replacement
piles?
These are precast or pre-formed piles which are driven into the ground by a huge piling
hammer. These displace the earth they are driven through. - ANS-what are displacement piles?
A - Tanked (barrier protection)
B - Waterproof - (Structurally Integral Protection)
C - Drained (drain protection) - ANS-Types of basement
Grade 1 - Basic Utility (uninhabitable)
Grade 2 - Better Utility
Grade 3 -Habitable
Grade 4 - Special - ANS-What are the 4 basement grades?
Gr 1. Car Park, Mechanical Plant room, Roadway
Gr 2. Storage Space, Electrical Plant room
Gr 3. Office/Residential/Kitchen/Nightclub
Gr 4. Archiving things of importance - ANS-What are the uses for each basement grade?
Car parking and Mechanical plant rooms. A little bit of moisture is acceptable - ANS-What is the
1st basement grade typically used for?
Storage and Electrical plant room. No moisture is acceptable. - ANS-What is the 2nd basement
grade typically used for?
Rock
Gravel & sands
Slits & Clays
Peat & Organic Soils - ANS-Soil Types
Any substance which is or could become toxic, corrosive, explosive flammable or radioactive
and likely to be a danger to health and safety. - ANS-Contaminated Ground
- pad foundations
- strip foundations
- raft foundations - ANS-Types of shallow foundations?
They are a shallow form of spread foundation formed by rectangular, square, or sometimes
circular concrete 'pads' that support localised single-point loads such as structural columns,
groups of columns or framed structures. - ANS-what is a pad foundation?
- the nature of the structure
- the load imposed - ANS-the arrangement of pad foundations may vary depending on?
- little excavation required
- economic
- reinforcement can be added
- can be design for tight site
- easy - ANS-Pros of a Pad Foundation?
- size of pad can be large
- weak against forces
- separated foundations - ANS-Cons of a Pad Foundation?
- Conventional building method
- Cheapest
- thermal mass from floor
- simple to build and design
- can adapt to sloping sites - ANS-Pros of a Strip Foundation?
are used where the soil is of good bearing capacity. The key sizes of a strip foundation for
concrete cavity wall construction and timber frame cavity wall construction are similar -
ANS-what is a strip foundation?
- economic due to combination of foundation and floor slab
, - requires little excavation
- can cope with poor ground condition - ANS-Pros of a Raft Foundation
- requires specific treatment for point loads
- edge erosion occurs if not treated properly - ANS-Cons of a Raft Foundation
Type of foundation used for heavy loading, or construction on soft ground, composed of a
continuous slab of reinforced concrete below the entire surface. - ANS-what is a raft foundation?
1. Displacement piles
2. Replacement piles - ANS-What are the two types of Deep Foundations?
1. contiguous piles
2. secant piles - ANS-what are the two types of deep foundation used for creating a basement?
when the foundations exceed 3metres underground - ANS-when should you use deep
foundations?
These are piles which are put into holes dug or augured out of the earth. The concrete, or steel,
simply replaces the earth, clay etc..which has been excavated. - ANS-what are replacement
piles?
These are precast or pre-formed piles which are driven into the ground by a huge piling
hammer. These displace the earth they are driven through. - ANS-what are displacement piles?
A - Tanked (barrier protection)
B - Waterproof - (Structurally Integral Protection)
C - Drained (drain protection) - ANS-Types of basement
Grade 1 - Basic Utility (uninhabitable)
Grade 2 - Better Utility
Grade 3 -Habitable
Grade 4 - Special - ANS-What are the 4 basement grades?
Gr 1. Car Park, Mechanical Plant room, Roadway
Gr 2. Storage Space, Electrical Plant room
Gr 3. Office/Residential/Kitchen/Nightclub
Gr 4. Archiving things of importance - ANS-What are the uses for each basement grade?
Car parking and Mechanical plant rooms. A little bit of moisture is acceptable - ANS-What is the
1st basement grade typically used for?
Storage and Electrical plant room. No moisture is acceptable. - ANS-What is the 2nd basement
grade typically used for?
