MCAT Biology (Princeton Review) questions and answers

MCAT Biology (Princeton Review) questions
and answers
Maltose - Glucose + Glucose



Sucrose - Glucose + Fructose



Lactose - Glucose + Galactose



Glycogen - Animal glucose storage



Starch - Plant glucose storage



Cellulose - Plant structure



Saturated Fatty Acids - -Single bonds

-Solid at room temp.



Unsaturated Fatty Acids - -Double bonds

,MCAT Biology (Princeton Review) questions
and answers
-Liquid at room temp.



Terepenes - Built from multiple isoprene units



Cholesterol - -In cell membrane

-Steroid precursor

-Bile salts



Catalysts - -Stabilize the transition states

-Reduce the activation energy



Competitive Inhibition - -Binds at active site

-No change in Vmax

-Increases Km



Non-Competitive Inhibition - -Binds at allosteric site

,MCAT Biology (Princeton Review) questions
and answers
-Decreases Vmax

-No change in Km



Uncompetitive Inhibition - -Binds at allosteric site of ES complex

-Decreases Vmax

-Decreases Km



Mixed Inhibition - -Binds at allosteric site of E along or ES complex

-Decreases Vmax

-Varied effects on Km



Glycolysis - -Occurs in the cytosol

-O2 in not needed



PCD/Krebs Cycle - -Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix

-O2 is indirectly needed

, MCAT Biology (Princeton Review) questions
and answers

Electron Transport Chain/Oxidative Phosphorylation - -Occurs in the
mitochondrial inner membrane

-O2 is directly needed



Fermentation - Pyruvate --> Ethanol (yeast) or Lactic Acid (muscle)



Glycogenesis - -High blood glucose

-Insulin produced

-Glucose converted to glycogen

-Stored in liver and lesser extent in muscle



Glycogenolysis - -Low blood glucose

-Glucagon produced

-Glycogen converted to glucose in the liver



Pentose Phosphate Pathway - -Produces NADPH