POS 110 American Government Midterm TESU Questions And Answers Graded A+

Factors that encourage the two major parties to build broad coalitions - the two-party system and the need to gain a plurality Marbury v. Madison and the importance of judicial review - - forms the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. - The goals of judicial review are protecting citizen rights and interpreting the law as it relates to each case presented. A democracy versus a republic - In a republic, a constitution or charter of rights protects certain inalienable rights that cannot be taken away by the government, even if it has been elected by a majority of voters. In a "pure democracy," the majority is not restrained in this way and can impose its will on the minority. Accuracy of polling and when it is diminished - is diminished when respondents give what they regard as the socially correct response. Age differences in news consumption (web versus TV versus newspapers) - A quarter of Americans often get news from radio and 18% do so from print newspapers. The rise in online news consumption plays out across demographic groups, especially when looked at by age. The two oldest age groups saw considerable increases in online news use - 10 percentage points for those 65 and older (30% vs. 20% in early 2016) and 6 points among those ages 50 to 64 (35% vs. 29%). The pattern is in line with previous findings that show that recent growth in mobile news was driven by the oldest age groups. Americans' involvement in and support of protest activities - Protesting in integral to American democracy, it is included in the first amendment (guarantees the right of citizens to assemble peaceably and to petition their government). Protest movements have been part of American history from the very beginning. Many important reforms in American life have originated as protests against established practices. The abolition of slavery and restricts on the sale of alcohol (temperance) stirred national debate and resulted in majorchanges. Freedom of the press to investigate and to publish information — and opinions — is essential to this process. An iron triangle and how it works - The relationship that develops between congressional committees, the federal bureaucracy and interest groups during the policy creation process. hey are all seeking to maximize their gain during the policy process, and iron triangles help them to do this. Basis of the federal government's licensing of broadcasting - the scarcity of broadcasting frequencies. Change in voting rates in the 21st century - Lowered due to increasing the personal effort needed to participate in all elections. Comparable worth versus affirmative action versus discrimination versus equal opportunity - comparable worth - also called sex equity or pay equity, in economics, the principle that men and women should be compensated equally for work requiring comparable skills, responsibilities, and effort. Affirmative Action - an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination. Discrimination - the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. Conditions of accepting a federal grant-in-aid - terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds. Cooperative federalism with examples - is a concept of federalism in which national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems, rather than making policies separately but more or less equally. Example: the federal government giving tax revenue to the states in order to fund interstate highways; the states are allowed to govern the construction and maintenance process in accordance with goals set by the national government. Criticisms of Super PACs - They tend to run more negative advertising, Candidates can even raise money under certain conditions for supportive Super PACs without violating the FEC's technical coordination skew the legislative process in the next Congress in favor of the interests of large Super PAC contributors.Edmund Burke's views on representatives as trustees - should be informed by his knowledge and experience, allowing him to serve the public interest. frequently contrasted with the delegate model of representation.[1] Constituents elect their representatives as 'trustees' for their constituency. These 'trustees' have sufficient autonomy to deliberate and act in favor of the greater common good and national interest, even if it means going against the short-term interests of their own constituencies. The model provides a solution to the problem of uninformed constituents who lack the necessary knowledge on issues to take an educated position. By contrast, in the delegate model, the representative is expected to act strictly in accordance to a mandate from the represented. Elastic clause and related powers - the "Elastic Clause" of the Constitution grants Congress power to pass unspecified laws "necessary and proper" for the exercise of its expressed powers Employment in lobbying firms by members of Congress - They are prohibited by law from lobbying Congress for a set period of time after leaving office. Enumerated powers in Article I of the Constitution - Congress has the power to ●impose and collect taxes for US debt, defense and welfare. ●Taxes are equal throughout the nation. ●borrow money ● to regulate international and interstate commerce (includes tribes) ● Establish currency and coin money. ● Establish post offices. ● To provide for and maintain a navy. ● Organize, train, and arm a militia. ● Exclusive powers to legislative matters of the country.