Bios 1700 - Ohio University (Molecular Biology) Questions And Answers!!

BIOS 1700 - OHIO UNIVERSITY (MOLECULAR BIOLOGY)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS!!
nucleic acids
Answers :store and transmit information needed for growth, function, and
reproduction
features of a cell


Answers :1. store and transmit info to reproduce
2. plasma membrane
3. ability to harness energy from the environment
Virtually every aspect of the cell's existence—its internal architecture, its shape, its
ability to move, and its various chemical reactions—depends on


Answers :proteins
Transcription


Answers :The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.
Translation


Answers :Synthesis of a polypeptide chain corresponding to the coding sequence
present in a molecule of messenger RNA. Also, converts information stored in the
language of nucleic acids to information in the language of proteins.
Central Dogma


Answers :Originally, the idea that information flows from nucleic acids to
proteins, but not in the opposite direction. More generally, the view that
information transfer in a cell usually goes from DNA to RNA to protein.

,gene


Answers :The unit of heredity; the stretch of DNA that affects one or more traits in
an organism, usually through an encoded protein or noncoding RNA.
mutation


Answers :Any heritable change in the genetic material, usually a change in the
nucleotide sequence of a gene.
Prokaryote


Answers :An organism whose cell or cells do not have a membrane-bound
nucleus; sometimes used to refer collectively to archaeons and bacteria.
Eukaryote


Answers :An organism whose cells have a true nucleus.
3 domains


Answers :Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
sun and chemical compounds


Answers :Organisms acquire energy from just two sources:
metabolism


Answers :chemical reactions by which cells convert energy from one form to
another and build and break down molecules
ATP or adenosine triphosphate

, Answers :The molecule that provides energy in a form that all cells can readily use
to perform the work of the cell.
Virus


Answers :genetic material that requires a cell to carry out its functions
hydrogen bond


Answers :an interaction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
pH


Answers :is a measure of the concentration of protons in solution
proteins


Answers :The key structural and functional molecules that do the work of the cell,
providing structural support and catalyzing chemical reactions. The term "protein"
is often used as a synonym for "polypeptide."
nucleic acid


Answers :A polymer of nucleotides that encodes and transmits genetic
information.
Carbohydrates


Answers :An organic molecule containing C, H, and O atoms that provides a
source of energy for metabolism and that forms the starting point for the synthesis
of all other organic molecules.
Lipids