Chemistry 130 Arizona college of nursing midterm Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

Acidic solution - A solution in which the concentration of H3O+ is greater than the concentration of OH- Also, a solution in which pH is less than 7. Anions - negatively-charged ions (meaning they have more electrons than protons due to having gained one or more electrons). Arrhenius base - increases the concentration of OH- ions. Atom - An atom is the smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atomic radii - is a measure of the size of its atom, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost isolated electron. Balanced equation - An equation in which the number of atoms of each element in the reactants is the same as the number of atoms of that same element in the products. Basic or alkaline solution - A solution in which the concentration of OH- is greater than the concentration of H3O+ . Also, a solution in which pH is greater than 7. Basic or alkaline solutions - A solution in which the concentration of is greater than the concentration of . Also, a solution in which pH is greater than . Binary compound - A compound made up of two different elements. Boiling point - The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the prevailing atmospheric pressure.Boyle's law - A gas law that describes the pressure and volume behavior of a gas sample kept at constant temperature. Brønsted-Lowry acid - any species that donates a proton to another molecule. A Brønsted-Lowry base is any species that accepts a proton from another molecule. Buffer - A solution with the ability to resist changing pH when acids H+ or bases OH- are added. Catalyst - A substance that changes (usually increases) reaction rates without being used up in the reaction. Cations - positively-charged ions (atoms or groups of atoms that have more protons than electrons due to having lost one or more electrons). Charles's law - A gas law that describes the temperature and volume behavior of a gas sample kept at constant pressure. Chemical changes - Changes matter undergoes that involve changes in composition. Chemical properties - Properties that matter demonstrates when attempts are made to change into new substances. Colligative property - A solution property that depends only on the concentration of solute particles in solution. Colloid - homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the dispersed substances are present as larger particles than are found in solutions. Combination (synthesis) reaction - A chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single substance.Combined gas law - A gas law that describes the pressure, volume, and temperature behavior of a gas sample. Condensation - An exothermic process in which a gas or vapor is changed to a liquid or solid. Covalent bond - The attractive force that results between two atoms that are both attracted to a shared pair of electrons. Covalent bonds - The attractive force that results between two atoms that are both attracted to a shared pair of electrons. Dalton's law of partial pressure - The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gasses is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gasses in the mixture. Decomposition - A change in chemical composition that can result from heating. Decomposition reaction - A chemical reaction in which a single substance reacts to form two or more simpler substances. Density - The number given when the mass of a sample of a substance is divided by the volume of the same sample. Dialysis - A process in which solvent molecules, other small molecules, and hydrated ions pass from a solution through a membrane. Diatomic - consisting of two atoms Dipolar force - The attractive force that exists between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another.Dispersion force - Very weak attractive forces acting between the particles of all matter. They result from momentary nonsymmetric electron distributions in molecules or atoms. Double replacement reaction - A chemical reaction in which two compounds react and exchange partners to form two new compounds.