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What population of the world doesn't consume enough food to live a healthy active life? ~11 What two things contribute to malnutrtion? undernutrition AND overnutrition Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More Food Security definition When all people at all time have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active healthy life. Yemen case study 60% of people facing crisis levels of food scarcity. 3 million children under age of 5 need immediate help to fight acute malnutrition. Conflict, not enough resources to import food. What percentage of children deaths are attributed to malnutrition? 45% by WHO Why does undernutrition cut economic growth and by how much. 8%, loss of productivity, reduced cognition, and education Forms of energy Heat, kinetic, mechanical, light, electrical, chemical Bomb calorimeter measures energy in food. burns the food and uses it to heat water. 1kcal = amount of energy to raise 1kg of water 1 degree celsius Basal Metabolism energy required to maintain normal body functions while at rest. 60-75% of total kcal needs Physical Activity Energy needed for muscular work Dietary thermogenesis energy used to ingest and digest food 3 main reasons why our body needs energy basal metabolism, physical activity, dietary thermogenesis Which tissues are more metabolically active? body fat is less 20% Brain, liver kidneys, muscles are more ~80% of energy used for basal metabolism Digestion workflow Food - mechanical processes (chewing) - chemical processes - enzymes - substances that can be absorbed by the body The digestion system Location and coordination of digestion 25-30 feet long muscular tube Absorption process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body most absorbed within 30 minutes o reaching the small intestines macronutrients energy-providing nutrients need them in the highest amounts which has the most energy? butter, sugar, pork ??? three types of substances that make up carbohydrates: simple sugars complex carbohydrates (starch) fibre Why do we need carbohydrates? energy! 40-80% of total food intake body can only use one type of simple sugar for energy: glucose provides taste Staple foods eat