1
Patho Exam 2
1- Which procedure reduces the potential for infection primarily by addressing the portal of
entry?
Ans: Wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated
2- A client newly diagnosed with HIV is receiving client teaching from the clinic nurse about
antiretroviral medications. The nurse should teach the client to report what adverse effect related
to Steven -Johnson syndrome to a health care provider most promptly?
Ans: full body rash
3- The nurse has provided client teaching for a client who will be discharged to home on an anti-
infective medication. What statement made by the client indicates the nurse needs to provide
additional teaching concerning the use of anti-infectives?
Ans: "I will stop taking the antibiotic once my symptoms have resolved."
4- A client has been diagnosed with trichomoniasis. Before beginning metronidazole therapy,
what assessment should the nurse perform?
Ans: assessing the client's use of alcohol
5- A nurse is providing education to a patient diagnosed with herpes simplex virus (HSV)
infection who has been prescribed acyclovir. The patient asks about the purpose of acyclovir
therapy. Which of the following responses by the nurse accurately describes the therapeutic
effect of acyclovir?
Ans: "Acyclovir limits the severity of symptoms and decreases the number of outbreaks."
6- During a period of stress, the nurse asks the client to close his eyes and think of a calm,
relaxing place where he can feel the wind blowing on his cheek and smell the salty air from the
ocean. This is an example of utilizing which type treatment for stress reduction?
Ans: Guided imagery
, 2
7- A nurse is caring for a patient who presents with symptoms consistent with an infection. The
complete blood count (CBC reveals an elevated lymphocyte count. Which of the following
statements best explains the significance of this finding?
Ans: Elevated lymphocytes are indicative of a viral infection.
8- The number 8 was skipped in the list of questions provided.
9- The nurse is caring for a client receiving penicillin for the treatment of syphilis. When
teaching the client about the therapeutic effect of this medication, the nurse should describe what
mechanism?
Ans: inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis
10- Which client is most likely to have impairments to the wound healing process? A client with:
Ans: poorly controlled blood sugars with small blood vessel disease.
11- The nurse is collaborating with the health care provider (HCP) of a client who presented with
signs and symptoms of an infection. What information should the nurse prioritize so that the
HCP can prescribe the proper antibiotic?
Ans: culture and sensitivity test results
12- A 3-year-old child presents with frequent "scratching of their bottom". The nurse plans to
educate the child's parent about the use of what drug available in chewable form?
Ans: mebendazole
13- When caring for a pediatric client, the nurse should question an order for what drug?
Ans: ciprofloxacin
14- An occupational health nurse working with police officers wishes to apply Selye's general
adaptation syndrome theory in practice. Which concept should the nurse apply?
Ans: The alarm stage involves the release of cortisol and catecholamines.
, 3
15- A nurse is caring for a patient with HIV/AIDS who has been prescribed antiretroviral therapy
(ART). The healthcare provider orders regular viral load monitoring to assess the effectiveness
of the treatment. What is the primary purpose of monitoring viral load in this patient?
Ans: To monitor ART compliance and the effectiveness of viral suppression
16- A nurse is changing the wound dressing on a coccyx-region pressure injury of an
immobilized client. The existing dressing is saturated with both watery, clear discharge and foul,
grayish-colored liquid. Which entry in the client's chart most accurately documents these
findings?
Ans: "Purulent discharge and fibrinous exudates noted on existing dressing."
17- The nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for a client who has developed candidiasis.
What medication is the nurse most likely to administer?
Ans: clotrimazole
18- The community health nurse is preparing an education session that will include information
on hepatitis B. The nurse should describe what routes of transmission? Select all that apply.
Ans: sexual activity, B in utero transmission, D nonsexual household contact, E blood-to-blood
contact
19- A nurse is assessing a patient for signs of inflammation. Which of the following clinical
manifestations are indicative of inflammation? (Select all that apply.)
Ans: Swelling and edema, C Pain and tenderness at the affected area, D Warmth and redness at
the site of injury
20- The nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and who
has been exposed to influenza A 2 days ago before receiving the appropriate immunization. The
child has been mildly symptomatic for 24 hours. Which antiviral medication would best meet
this client's health needs?
Ans: oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Patho Exam 2
1- Which procedure reduces the potential for infection primarily by addressing the portal of
entry?
Ans: Wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated
2- A client newly diagnosed with HIV is receiving client teaching from the clinic nurse about
antiretroviral medications. The nurse should teach the client to report what adverse effect related
to Steven -Johnson syndrome to a health care provider most promptly?
Ans: full body rash
3- The nurse has provided client teaching for a client who will be discharged to home on an anti-
infective medication. What statement made by the client indicates the nurse needs to provide
additional teaching concerning the use of anti-infectives?
Ans: "I will stop taking the antibiotic once my symptoms have resolved."
4- A client has been diagnosed with trichomoniasis. Before beginning metronidazole therapy,
what assessment should the nurse perform?
Ans: assessing the client's use of alcohol
5- A nurse is providing education to a patient diagnosed with herpes simplex virus (HSV)
infection who has been prescribed acyclovir. The patient asks about the purpose of acyclovir
therapy. Which of the following responses by the nurse accurately describes the therapeutic
effect of acyclovir?
Ans: "Acyclovir limits the severity of symptoms and decreases the number of outbreaks."
6- During a period of stress, the nurse asks the client to close his eyes and think of a calm,
relaxing place where he can feel the wind blowing on his cheek and smell the salty air from the
ocean. This is an example of utilizing which type treatment for stress reduction?
Ans: Guided imagery
, 2
7- A nurse is caring for a patient who presents with symptoms consistent with an infection. The
complete blood count (CBC reveals an elevated lymphocyte count. Which of the following
statements best explains the significance of this finding?
Ans: Elevated lymphocytes are indicative of a viral infection.
8- The number 8 was skipped in the list of questions provided.
9- The nurse is caring for a client receiving penicillin for the treatment of syphilis. When
teaching the client about the therapeutic effect of this medication, the nurse should describe what
mechanism?
Ans: inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis
10- Which client is most likely to have impairments to the wound healing process? A client with:
Ans: poorly controlled blood sugars with small blood vessel disease.
11- The nurse is collaborating with the health care provider (HCP) of a client who presented with
signs and symptoms of an infection. What information should the nurse prioritize so that the
HCP can prescribe the proper antibiotic?
Ans: culture and sensitivity test results
12- A 3-year-old child presents with frequent "scratching of their bottom". The nurse plans to
educate the child's parent about the use of what drug available in chewable form?
Ans: mebendazole
13- When caring for a pediatric client, the nurse should question an order for what drug?
Ans: ciprofloxacin
14- An occupational health nurse working with police officers wishes to apply Selye's general
adaptation syndrome theory in practice. Which concept should the nurse apply?
Ans: The alarm stage involves the release of cortisol and catecholamines.
, 3
15- A nurse is caring for a patient with HIV/AIDS who has been prescribed antiretroviral therapy
(ART). The healthcare provider orders regular viral load monitoring to assess the effectiveness
of the treatment. What is the primary purpose of monitoring viral load in this patient?
Ans: To monitor ART compliance and the effectiveness of viral suppression
16- A nurse is changing the wound dressing on a coccyx-region pressure injury of an
immobilized client. The existing dressing is saturated with both watery, clear discharge and foul,
grayish-colored liquid. Which entry in the client's chart most accurately documents these
findings?
Ans: "Purulent discharge and fibrinous exudates noted on existing dressing."
17- The nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for a client who has developed candidiasis.
What medication is the nurse most likely to administer?
Ans: clotrimazole
18- The community health nurse is preparing an education session that will include information
on hepatitis B. The nurse should describe what routes of transmission? Select all that apply.
Ans: sexual activity, B in utero transmission, D nonsexual household contact, E blood-to-blood
contact
19- A nurse is assessing a patient for signs of inflammation. Which of the following clinical
manifestations are indicative of inflammation? (Select all that apply.)
Ans: Swelling and edema, C Pain and tenderness at the affected area, D Warmth and redness at
the site of injury
20- The nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and who
has been exposed to influenza A 2 days ago before receiving the appropriate immunization. The
child has been mildly symptomatic for 24 hours. Which antiviral medication would best meet
this client's health needs?
Ans: oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
