HESI MILESTONE EXAM 1 LATEST 2024/2025 ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS |GRADED A+ Histamine1 blockers action(mine, zine, dine) - ANSWER -bind selectively to H1 -
histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of histamine at these sites H1 antagonists are useful in treating - ANSWER --mild allergies(seasonal rhinitis) -severe allergies(anaphylaxis) -motion sickness -insomnia -common cold Histamine (H2) -Receptor Antagonists action(tidine) - ANSWER -block the H2 receptors responsible for sti mulating the secretion of gastric acid Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia - ANSWER --can occur right after meals -for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching - ANSWER --teach about s/s of hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them candy) -have glucagon emergency kit available -regular monitoring of A1c levels are required antitussives therapeutic action is to - ANSWER -Act on the cough control center in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex; used for a cough that is nonproductive and irritating Anaphylaxis‐PCN - ANSWER --laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension= immediate hypersensitivity reaction Anaphylaxis treatment - ANSWER -epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus respiratory support What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies? - ANSWER -vancomycin, erythromycin, and clindamycin a major side effect o f alpha blocker(osin) is what? - ANSWER -orthostatic hypotension diclofenac does what to the liver? - ANSWER -cause severe injury while taking diclofenac patients should? - ANSWER --have periodic liver functions tests -monitor and report for signs of liver damage(jaundice, fatigue, nausea) Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes - ANSWER --insulin overdose -reduced food intake -vomiting and diarrhea -excessive alcohol intake -unaccustomed exercise -termination of pregnancy signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - ANSWER --tachycardia -palpitations -sweating -nervousness -headache -confusion -drowsi ness -fatigue calcium channel bloc kers toxicity signs - ANSWER --severe hypotension -cardiac -toxicity(bradycardia and av block) -ventricular tachydhythmias Managing Acute Toxicity in calcium channel blockers - ANSWER --gastric lavage followed by activated charcoal -Give IV calcium to help c ounteract excessive vasodilation and reduced myocardial contractility -To raise blood pressure, give IV norepinephrine -Iv Fluids and Trendelenburg's position -atropine and glucagon to reverse bradycardia and AV block
histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of histamine at these sites H1 antagonists are useful in treating - ANSWER --mild allergies(seasonal rhinitis) -severe allergies(anaphylaxis) -motion sickness -insomnia -common cold Histamine (H2) -Receptor Antagonists action(tidine) - ANSWER -block the H2 receptors responsible for sti mulating the secretion of gastric acid Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia - ANSWER --can occur right after meals -for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching - ANSWER --teach about s/s of hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them candy) -have glucagon emergency kit available -regular monitoring of A1c levels are required antitussives therapeutic action is to - ANSWER -Act on the cough control center in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex; used for a cough that is nonproductive and irritating Anaphylaxis‐PCN - ANSWER --laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension= immediate hypersensitivity reaction Anaphylaxis treatment - ANSWER -epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus respiratory support What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies? - ANSWER -vancomycin, erythromycin, and clindamycin a major side effect o f alpha blocker(osin) is what? - ANSWER -orthostatic hypotension diclofenac does what to the liver? - ANSWER -cause severe injury while taking diclofenac patients should? - ANSWER --have periodic liver functions tests -monitor and report for signs of liver damage(jaundice, fatigue, nausea) Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes - ANSWER --insulin overdose -reduced food intake -vomiting and diarrhea -excessive alcohol intake -unaccustomed exercise -termination of pregnancy signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - ANSWER --tachycardia -palpitations -sweating -nervousness -headache -confusion -drowsi ness -fatigue calcium channel bloc kers toxicity signs - ANSWER --severe hypotension -cardiac -toxicity(bradycardia and av block) -ventricular tachydhythmias Managing Acute Toxicity in calcium channel blockers - ANSWER --gastric lavage followed by activated charcoal -Give IV calcium to help c ounteract excessive vasodilation and reduced myocardial contractility -To raise blood pressure, give IV norepinephrine -Iv Fluids and Trendelenburg's position -atropine and glucagon to reverse bradycardia and AV block
