Basic Sciences Exam study guide
perfusion questions and answer
the major cation found in extracellular fluid - correct answer-Na+
primary structural unit of proteins - correct answer-L-amino acids
which clotting factor is activated by contact with foreign surfaces, roughened vascular walls,
and platelet aggregates? - correct answer-XII
the effect of plasmin is to:
A) limit clotting by splitting fibrin
B) initiate the intrinsic pathway
C) cleave thrombin
D) initiate the extrensic pathway - correct answer-A) limit clotting by splitting fibrin
normal arterio0venous O2 difference is approximately ____ in mmHg? - correct answer-40
mmHg
at a given p02, increasing CO2 results in:
A) more 02 bound to hemoglobin
B) less 02 bound to hemoglobin
C) no effect - correct answer-less 02 bound to the hemoglobin
a sample of blood cooled from 37 degrees C will undergo what changes?
A) CO2 becomes more soluble and PaCO2 decreases
B) CO2 becomes less soluble and pH decreases
C) CO2 solubility increases and base excess levels decrease - correct answer-A) CO2
becomes more soluble and PaCO2 decreases
in 85 - 95% of patients the circumflex artery supplies what portion of the heart with blood? -
correct answer-the lateral and posterior surface of the LV
the LAD arises from the? - correct answer-Left main coronary artery
the diagonal coronary arteries supply? - correct answer-antero-lateral wall of LV
in 55% of patients, which coronary artery supplies blood to the SA node - correct
answer-right
a characteristic of leukocytes is that they are:
A) smaller than RBC
B) larger than platlets
C) uniform in shape - correct answer-b) larger than platelets
,the main function of an enzyme? - correct answer-increase the rate of a biochemical reaction
the conformation change of platelets that occurs when exposed to foreign surface is? -
correct answer-globular with pseudopodia
classical pathway of complement system is activated by - correct answer-antibody- antigen
reactions
which is not normal route for blood returning to the heart?
A) thebesian veins
B) pulmonary veins
C) bronchial veins - correct answer-C) bronchial
the effect of calcium channel blocking is - correct answer-a marked decrease in
transmembrane calcium current
celan (verapamil) is indicated for which of the following?
A) hypertentions refractory to high doses of beta-adrenergic blocking agents
B) sinus sick syndrome
C) a-fib with rapid ventricular response
D) cardiogenic shock
with coronary spasm - correct answer-C) a-fib with rapid ventricular response
persantine (dipyridamole) interferes with the function of what? - correct answer-platelets
the cardiovascular effects of Inocor (amrinone) include - correct answer-decreased
pulmonary artery pressure
which anesthetic agent has the shortest duration of action - correct answer-propofol
(diprivan)
drug of choice to protect the brain to global ischemia when administered prior to an ischemic
episode (circ arrest) - correct answer-pentothal (thiopental)
digitalis preparation is commonly used to - correct answer-increase myocardial contractility
and control atrial arrhythmia
1/4 inch tubing = ? cc per foot?
how many rotations to create 100cc? - correct answer-9.6 cc, 8x around
3/8 inch tubing = ? cc per foot
how many rotations to create 100 cc? - correct answer-21.6 cc, 4x around
1/2 inch tubing = ? cc per foot,
how many rotations to create 100 cc? - correct answer-45.9 cc, 2x around
if K+ is too high, name 8 options to bring it down - correct answer-1) increase your sweep
2) give insulin
, 3) zbuff
4) bicarb
5) lasix
6) mannitol
8) dialysis
9) Ca++ (this protects the myocardium from the K, it does not reduce serum K)
rule of 9's for blood distribution - correct answer-head, arms (2x, 18), chest, abdomen, upper
back, lower back, front of legs, back of legs
estimate blood volumes:
0-10
10-25
25-45 - correct answer-85
80
70
estimate blood volumes:
>45 normal
> 45 thin - correct answer-65
70
normal PT - correct answer-10-12 seconds
normal PTT - correct answer-24-37 sec
normal INR - correct answer-0.9-1.2
AV arterial blood flow % to brain, kidneys, heart, and liver - correct answer-brain 15%,
kidneys 20%, heart 5%, liver 25% (sometimes 30% depending on what your read :)
coronaries extract what percentage of O2, kidneys extract? - correct answer-70%, kidneys
7%
SA node, AV node, anterior and posterior aspects of RV, Posterior papillary muscle of LV,
supplied by what coronary artery? (in most patients) - correct answer-RCA
posterior RV and posterior LV, supplied by what Coronary artery? (in most patients) - correct
answer-PDA
the anterior portion of the LV, apex, anterior papillary muscle of LV, interventricular septum,
supplied by what coronary artery? - correct answer-LAD
what coronary artery feeds LA, and lateral LV - correct answer-LCX
4 main buffers in the body - correct answer-1) bicarb
2) Hb/ oxyHB
3) plasma protiens
perfusion questions and answer
the major cation found in extracellular fluid - correct answer-Na+
primary structural unit of proteins - correct answer-L-amino acids
which clotting factor is activated by contact with foreign surfaces, roughened vascular walls,
and platelet aggregates? - correct answer-XII
the effect of plasmin is to:
A) limit clotting by splitting fibrin
B) initiate the intrinsic pathway
C) cleave thrombin
D) initiate the extrensic pathway - correct answer-A) limit clotting by splitting fibrin
normal arterio0venous O2 difference is approximately ____ in mmHg? - correct answer-40
mmHg
at a given p02, increasing CO2 results in:
A) more 02 bound to hemoglobin
B) less 02 bound to hemoglobin
C) no effect - correct answer-less 02 bound to the hemoglobin
a sample of blood cooled from 37 degrees C will undergo what changes?
A) CO2 becomes more soluble and PaCO2 decreases
B) CO2 becomes less soluble and pH decreases
C) CO2 solubility increases and base excess levels decrease - correct answer-A) CO2
becomes more soluble and PaCO2 decreases
in 85 - 95% of patients the circumflex artery supplies what portion of the heart with blood? -
correct answer-the lateral and posterior surface of the LV
the LAD arises from the? - correct answer-Left main coronary artery
the diagonal coronary arteries supply? - correct answer-antero-lateral wall of LV
in 55% of patients, which coronary artery supplies blood to the SA node - correct
answer-right
a characteristic of leukocytes is that they are:
A) smaller than RBC
B) larger than platlets
C) uniform in shape - correct answer-b) larger than platelets
,the main function of an enzyme? - correct answer-increase the rate of a biochemical reaction
the conformation change of platelets that occurs when exposed to foreign surface is? -
correct answer-globular with pseudopodia
classical pathway of complement system is activated by - correct answer-antibody- antigen
reactions
which is not normal route for blood returning to the heart?
A) thebesian veins
B) pulmonary veins
C) bronchial veins - correct answer-C) bronchial
the effect of calcium channel blocking is - correct answer-a marked decrease in
transmembrane calcium current
celan (verapamil) is indicated for which of the following?
A) hypertentions refractory to high doses of beta-adrenergic blocking agents
B) sinus sick syndrome
C) a-fib with rapid ventricular response
D) cardiogenic shock
with coronary spasm - correct answer-C) a-fib with rapid ventricular response
persantine (dipyridamole) interferes with the function of what? - correct answer-platelets
the cardiovascular effects of Inocor (amrinone) include - correct answer-decreased
pulmonary artery pressure
which anesthetic agent has the shortest duration of action - correct answer-propofol
(diprivan)
drug of choice to protect the brain to global ischemia when administered prior to an ischemic
episode (circ arrest) - correct answer-pentothal (thiopental)
digitalis preparation is commonly used to - correct answer-increase myocardial contractility
and control atrial arrhythmia
1/4 inch tubing = ? cc per foot?
how many rotations to create 100cc? - correct answer-9.6 cc, 8x around
3/8 inch tubing = ? cc per foot
how many rotations to create 100 cc? - correct answer-21.6 cc, 4x around
1/2 inch tubing = ? cc per foot,
how many rotations to create 100 cc? - correct answer-45.9 cc, 2x around
if K+ is too high, name 8 options to bring it down - correct answer-1) increase your sweep
2) give insulin
, 3) zbuff
4) bicarb
5) lasix
6) mannitol
8) dialysis
9) Ca++ (this protects the myocardium from the K, it does not reduce serum K)
rule of 9's for blood distribution - correct answer-head, arms (2x, 18), chest, abdomen, upper
back, lower back, front of legs, back of legs
estimate blood volumes:
0-10
10-25
25-45 - correct answer-85
80
70
estimate blood volumes:
>45 normal
> 45 thin - correct answer-65
70
normal PT - correct answer-10-12 seconds
normal PTT - correct answer-24-37 sec
normal INR - correct answer-0.9-1.2
AV arterial blood flow % to brain, kidneys, heart, and liver - correct answer-brain 15%,
kidneys 20%, heart 5%, liver 25% (sometimes 30% depending on what your read :)
coronaries extract what percentage of O2, kidneys extract? - correct answer-70%, kidneys
7%
SA node, AV node, anterior and posterior aspects of RV, Posterior papillary muscle of LV,
supplied by what coronary artery? (in most patients) - correct answer-RCA
posterior RV and posterior LV, supplied by what Coronary artery? (in most patients) - correct
answer-PDA
the anterior portion of the LV, apex, anterior papillary muscle of LV, interventricular septum,
supplied by what coronary artery? - correct answer-LAD
what coronary artery feeds LA, and lateral LV - correct answer-LCX
4 main buffers in the body - correct answer-1) bicarb
2) Hb/ oxyHB
3) plasma protiens
