Engineering notes for beginners:
Engineering Dynamics is a branch of mechanics dealing with the motion of bodies under the action
of forces. It is crucial for designing and analyzing systems in mechanical, aerospace, civil, and other
engineering fields. Here are detailed notes on the key concepts and principles in engineering
dynamics:
1. Fundamental Concepts
• Kinematics:Study of motion without considering the forces that cause it.
• Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration: Vectors describing the position, rate of
change of position, and rate of change of velocity, respectively.
• Rectilinear and Curvilinear Motion: Motion along a straight line and curved paths.
• Kinetics:Study of motion considering the forces and torques causing it.
• Newton's Laws of Motion:
• First Law (Inertia):A body at rest or in uniform motion remains so unless acted
upon by an external force.
• Second Law (F = ma): The force acting on a body is equal to the mass of the body
multiplied by its acceleration.
• Third Law (ActionReaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
• 2. Types of Motion
• Translational Motion: All parts of a body move parallel to and in the same direction as
every other part.
• Rotational Motion: All points of a body move in circles around a single line (the axis
of rotation).
• General Plane Motion: Combination of translation and rotation in a plane.
3. Work and Energy Principles
• Work Energy Principle: The work done by all forces acting on a body equals the change
in its kinetic energy.
• Kinetic Energy (T): T=1/2mv² for translational motion and T=1/2Iω² for rotational
motion.
• Potential Energy (V): Energy stored due to position in a conservative force field, such as
gravity.
• Conservation of Energy: In a closed system with no nonconservative forces (like
friction), the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant.
4. Impulse and Momentum
• Linear Momentum (p) p=mv, product of mass and velocity.
• Angular Momentum (L): L=Iω, product of moment of inertia and angular velocity.
• ImpulseMomentum Principle: The change in momentum of a body is equal to the
impulse of the force acting on it.
• Impulse:∫ Fdt , integral of force over the time during which it acts.
5. Damping and Vibrations
• Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): Periodic motion where the restoring force is directly
proportional to displacement.
• Damped Vibrations: Oscillations where amplitude decreases over time due to energy loss
(e.g., friction).
• Forced Vibrations: Oscillations under the influence of an external periodic force.
Engineering Dynamics is a branch of mechanics dealing with the motion of bodies under the action
of forces. It is crucial for designing and analyzing systems in mechanical, aerospace, civil, and other
engineering fields. Here are detailed notes on the key concepts and principles in engineering
dynamics:
1. Fundamental Concepts
• Kinematics:Study of motion without considering the forces that cause it.
• Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration: Vectors describing the position, rate of
change of position, and rate of change of velocity, respectively.
• Rectilinear and Curvilinear Motion: Motion along a straight line and curved paths.
• Kinetics:Study of motion considering the forces and torques causing it.
• Newton's Laws of Motion:
• First Law (Inertia):A body at rest or in uniform motion remains so unless acted
upon by an external force.
• Second Law (F = ma): The force acting on a body is equal to the mass of the body
multiplied by its acceleration.
• Third Law (ActionReaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
• 2. Types of Motion
• Translational Motion: All parts of a body move parallel to and in the same direction as
every other part.
• Rotational Motion: All points of a body move in circles around a single line (the axis
of rotation).
• General Plane Motion: Combination of translation and rotation in a plane.
3. Work and Energy Principles
• Work Energy Principle: The work done by all forces acting on a body equals the change
in its kinetic energy.
• Kinetic Energy (T): T=1/2mv² for translational motion and T=1/2Iω² for rotational
motion.
• Potential Energy (V): Energy stored due to position in a conservative force field, such as
gravity.
• Conservation of Energy: In a closed system with no nonconservative forces (like
friction), the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant.
4. Impulse and Momentum
• Linear Momentum (p) p=mv, product of mass and velocity.
• Angular Momentum (L): L=Iω, product of moment of inertia and angular velocity.
• ImpulseMomentum Principle: The change in momentum of a body is equal to the
impulse of the force acting on it.
• Impulse:∫ Fdt , integral of force over the time during which it acts.
5. Damping and Vibrations
• Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): Periodic motion where the restoring force is directly
proportional to displacement.
• Damped Vibrations: Oscillations where amplitude decreases over time due to energy loss
(e.g., friction).
• Forced Vibrations: Oscillations under the influence of an external periodic force.
