UNIT 9: TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS
Circulatory systems
A system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one-way flow
Oxygenated blood: blood containing lots of oxygen. In human, blood becomes
oxygenated in lung
Deoxygenated blood: blood containing only a little oxygen
Unlike other arteries and veins, pulmonary arteries carry away deoxygenated
blood, pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood
Pulmonary circuit: transports blood to the lungs. The blood is oxygenated there
and then carried back to the heart. Gaseous exchange happens in the lungs
Systemic circuit: transports blood around the body, it transports O 2 and nutrients
to the body tissues and carries away deoxygenated blood containing CO 2 and other
waste materials
Double circulation: Blood is returned to heart after it has become oxygenated.
The heart then pumps it at high pressure to the rest of the body
Able to supply O2 more quickly to respiring body cells, which allows metabolic
rate to be faster
Give tissues and muscles blood full of O 2 instead of a mixture of oxygenated
and deoxygenated blood
, UNIT 9: TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS
Single circulation: Blood moves directly from the oxygenating organs (gills, lungs)
to the rest of the body
at a relatively
low pressure
Walls of
ventricles
are thicker
than atria
because
atria just
receive
blood; the actual
task of pumping
it out of the heart is done by ventricles
Left ventricle’s walls are thicker because right ventricle pumps the blood to
lungs, which are closer. Left ventricle transports blood all over body
Blood is pumped away from the heart into arteries and returns to the heart in
veins
Septum separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
How heart pumps blood
Transport high pressure blood away from heart
Oxygenated blood
Thick, elastic, muscular walls
Withstand the pulsing as blood is pumped
Allow substances to diffuse into cells
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
One-cell thick, narrow wall
allow diffusion happen quicker; bring blood into
close contact with body tissue
Very low blood pressure
Transport low pressure blood to the heart
Deoxygenated blood
Thin, less elastic walls (most of blood pressure has
been lost)
Have valves
Valves prevent backwards flow
Less resistance to blood flow
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
Circulatory systems
A system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one-way flow
Oxygenated blood: blood containing lots of oxygen. In human, blood becomes
oxygenated in lung
Deoxygenated blood: blood containing only a little oxygen
Unlike other arteries and veins, pulmonary arteries carry away deoxygenated
blood, pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood
Pulmonary circuit: transports blood to the lungs. The blood is oxygenated there
and then carried back to the heart. Gaseous exchange happens in the lungs
Systemic circuit: transports blood around the body, it transports O 2 and nutrients
to the body tissues and carries away deoxygenated blood containing CO 2 and other
waste materials
Double circulation: Blood is returned to heart after it has become oxygenated.
The heart then pumps it at high pressure to the rest of the body
Able to supply O2 more quickly to respiring body cells, which allows metabolic
rate to be faster
Give tissues and muscles blood full of O 2 instead of a mixture of oxygenated
and deoxygenated blood
, UNIT 9: TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS
Single circulation: Blood moves directly from the oxygenating organs (gills, lungs)
to the rest of the body
at a relatively
low pressure
Walls of
ventricles
are thicker
than atria
because
atria just
receive
blood; the actual
task of pumping
it out of the heart is done by ventricles
Left ventricle’s walls are thicker because right ventricle pumps the blood to
lungs, which are closer. Left ventricle transports blood all over body
Blood is pumped away from the heart into arteries and returns to the heart in
veins
Septum separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
How heart pumps blood
Transport high pressure blood away from heart
Oxygenated blood
Thick, elastic, muscular walls
Withstand the pulsing as blood is pumped
Allow substances to diffuse into cells
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
One-cell thick, narrow wall
allow diffusion happen quicker; bring blood into
close contact with body tissue
Very low blood pressure
Transport low pressure blood to the heart
Deoxygenated blood
Thin, less elastic walls (most of blood pressure has
been lost)
Have valves
Valves prevent backwards flow
Less resistance to blood flow
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
