BIO 201 CHAPTER 11-13 EXAM
1. The master controlling and communicating system of the body: nervoussystem
2. gathering information: sensory input
3. interpretation of sensory input: integration
4. response to stimuli: motor output
5. brain and spinal cord
integration and command center: Central Nervous System (CNS)
6. paired spinal and cranial nerves
carries messages to and form the spinal cord and brain: Peripheral NervousSystem
(PNS)
7. 1. sensory afferent division: "approach"
sensory afferent fibers- carry impulses from skin, skeletal musclto the es, and joints
brain.
visceral afferent fibers- transmit impulses from visceral organs t o the brain
2. motor efferent division: "exit"
transmits impulses from the CNS to effector organs: PNS (peripsystem)heral nervous
two functional division
8. two main parts:
1. somatic nervous system (voluntary)
conscious control of skeletal muscle
2. autonomic nervous system (involuntary)
regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands: Motor (efferent) division
9. fight or flight: sympathetic
10. rest and digest: Parasympathetic
11. excitable cells that transmit electrical signals: Neurons
12. cells that surround and wrap neurons: supporting cells
13. non excitable
provide support for neurons
segregate and insulate neurons
guide young neurons to the proper connections
promote health and growth: Neuroglia (glial cells)
14. astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cellsmake
up half of the mass of the brain
outnumber neurons (10 to 1)
neuroglia have a similar size and darker staining nuclei
have branches processes and a central cell body: Neuroglia in the CNS
15. most abundant, versatile, and highly branched glial cells cling to
neurons and their synaptic ending and cover capillariessupport and
brace neurons
, BIO 201 CHAPTER 11-13 EXAM
anchor neurons to their nutrient supplies
guide migration of young neurons
control the chemical environment: Astocytes
16. small, ovoid cells with spiny processes
monitor the health of neurons
phagocytize microbes and neuronal debris
cells of immune system cannot get to CNS: Microglia
17. range in shape from squamous to columnar
they line the central cavities of the brain and spinal columncilia
circulate CSF that cushions brain: ependymal cells
18. have fewer processes than astrocytes
branched cells that wrap CNS nerve fibers
form myelin sheath insulted covering: Oligodendrocytes
19. form myelin sheaths around fibers: Schwann cells (PNS)
20. surround neuron cell bodies in PNS: Satellite cells (PNS)
21. excitability
conductivity
secretion: release neurotransmitter that "jumps" the gaplong-
lived: lifetime
amitotic: do not divide
high metabolic rate: require constant oxygen and glucose
transmit messages from one part of the body to another: Neurons (nerve cells)
22. contains the nucleus and a nucleolus
major biosynthetic center of a neuron the
point for the outgrowth of processeshas no
centrioles
contains mitochondria
contain pigment inclusions
contains an axon hillock: cell body
23. nuclei: most cell bodies are located in CNS are called
24. ganglia: Cell bodies in the PNS are called
25. Arm like extensions from the soma: Processes
26. tracts: Processes in CNS are called
27. nerves: Processes PNS are called
28. dendrites; axon: Two types of processes
29. short, highly branched, numerousnot
myelinated
function in conducting signals towards to the cell body: Dendrites
1. The master controlling and communicating system of the body: nervoussystem
2. gathering information: sensory input
3. interpretation of sensory input: integration
4. response to stimuli: motor output
5. brain and spinal cord
integration and command center: Central Nervous System (CNS)
6. paired spinal and cranial nerves
carries messages to and form the spinal cord and brain: Peripheral NervousSystem
(PNS)
7. 1. sensory afferent division: "approach"
sensory afferent fibers- carry impulses from skin, skeletal musclto the es, and joints
brain.
visceral afferent fibers- transmit impulses from visceral organs t o the brain
2. motor efferent division: "exit"
transmits impulses from the CNS to effector organs: PNS (peripsystem)heral nervous
two functional division
8. two main parts:
1. somatic nervous system (voluntary)
conscious control of skeletal muscle
2. autonomic nervous system (involuntary)
regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands: Motor (efferent) division
9. fight or flight: sympathetic
10. rest and digest: Parasympathetic
11. excitable cells that transmit electrical signals: Neurons
12. cells that surround and wrap neurons: supporting cells
13. non excitable
provide support for neurons
segregate and insulate neurons
guide young neurons to the proper connections
promote health and growth: Neuroglia (glial cells)
14. astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cellsmake
up half of the mass of the brain
outnumber neurons (10 to 1)
neuroglia have a similar size and darker staining nuclei
have branches processes and a central cell body: Neuroglia in the CNS
15. most abundant, versatile, and highly branched glial cells cling to
neurons and their synaptic ending and cover capillariessupport and
brace neurons
, BIO 201 CHAPTER 11-13 EXAM
anchor neurons to their nutrient supplies
guide migration of young neurons
control the chemical environment: Astocytes
16. small, ovoid cells with spiny processes
monitor the health of neurons
phagocytize microbes and neuronal debris
cells of immune system cannot get to CNS: Microglia
17. range in shape from squamous to columnar
they line the central cavities of the brain and spinal columncilia
circulate CSF that cushions brain: ependymal cells
18. have fewer processes than astrocytes
branched cells that wrap CNS nerve fibers
form myelin sheath insulted covering: Oligodendrocytes
19. form myelin sheaths around fibers: Schwann cells (PNS)
20. surround neuron cell bodies in PNS: Satellite cells (PNS)
21. excitability
conductivity
secretion: release neurotransmitter that "jumps" the gaplong-
lived: lifetime
amitotic: do not divide
high metabolic rate: require constant oxygen and glucose
transmit messages from one part of the body to another: Neurons (nerve cells)
22. contains the nucleus and a nucleolus
major biosynthetic center of a neuron the
point for the outgrowth of processeshas no
centrioles
contains mitochondria
contain pigment inclusions
contains an axon hillock: cell body
23. nuclei: most cell bodies are located in CNS are called
24. ganglia: Cell bodies in the PNS are called
25. Arm like extensions from the soma: Processes
26. tracts: Processes in CNS are called
27. nerves: Processes PNS are called
28. dendrites; axon: Two types of processes
29. short, highly branched, numerousnot
myelinated
function in conducting signals towards to the cell body: Dendrites
