CIPP/E
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Passage - ANS-1948
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 12 - ANS-The right to a private life and
associated freedoms.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 19 - ANS-Freedom of expression.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 29(2) - ANS-Rights are not absolute
and there are instances where a balance must be struck.
European Convention on Human Rights - ANS-Treaty drawn up by the Council of
Europe that protects fundamental rights. Adopted in 1953 and based on the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights.
European Convention on Human Rights - Enforcement - ANS-Enforced by the
European Court of Human Rights
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 8 - ANS-Protects rights of individuals
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 10 - ANS-Protects the right of freedom
of expression and the right to share information and ideas across national boundaries.
OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data
(1980) - ANS-Guidelines comprised basic non-legally binding rules governing
transferred flows and the protection of personal information and privacy in order to
facilitate the harmonization of data protection law between countries.
Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic
Processing of Personal Data - ANS-Also known as Convention 108. Was the first legally
binding international instrument in the area of data protection. Convention 108 sets the
standard for the protection of the personal data of individuals while also seeking to find
a balance for the need to maintain the free flow of personal data for the purposes of
international trade.
Convention 108 v. OECD Guidelines - ANS-Convention 108 differs from the Guidelines
in that it required signatories to take the necessary steps in their domestic legislation to
apply the principles it lays down.
, Treaty of Lisbon - ANS-In force in 2009. Aims to strengthen and improve the core
structures of the EU to enable it to function more efficiently and ensures that all
institutions of the EU must have regard to the protection of individuals when processing
personal data.
European Parliament - ANS-The only European institution whose members are directly
elected. It has four responsibilities:
1. Legislative development;
2. Supervisory oversight of the other institutions;
3. democratic representation; and
4. Development of the budget.
European Council - ANS-The heads of the Member States, together with the president
of the European Commission, meet four times a year to define EU's priorities and set
political direction for the EU.
Council of the EU - ANS-The main decision-making body of the EU, having a central
role in both political and legislative decisions. The Council's meetings are attend by one
minister from each member state, where ministers have the power to commit their
government.
European Commission - ANS-Described as the executive body of the EU. It implements
the EU's decisions and politics, but it also has other broad functions, including the
power to initiate legislation.
European Court of Human Rights - ANS-Not an institution of the EU and it has no
powers of enforcement. But, as the case law of the ECHR shows, it has been active in
data protection. The ECHR has also considered the question of the protection of
personal data form the viewpoint of the right of access to such data.
Court of Justice of the European Union - ANS-The judicial body of the EU that makes
decisions on issues of EU law and enforces European decisions either in respect of
actions taken by the European Commission against a member state or action taken by
an individual to enforce his rights under EU law.
Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC) - ANS-Sets out general principles and leaves
member states to implement these as they see fit.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Passage - ANS-1948
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 12 - ANS-The right to a private life and
associated freedoms.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 19 - ANS-Freedom of expression.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 29(2) - ANS-Rights are not absolute
and there are instances where a balance must be struck.
European Convention on Human Rights - ANS-Treaty drawn up by the Council of
Europe that protects fundamental rights. Adopted in 1953 and based on the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights.
European Convention on Human Rights - Enforcement - ANS-Enforced by the
European Court of Human Rights
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 8 - ANS-Protects rights of individuals
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 10 - ANS-Protects the right of freedom
of expression and the right to share information and ideas across national boundaries.
OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data
(1980) - ANS-Guidelines comprised basic non-legally binding rules governing
transferred flows and the protection of personal information and privacy in order to
facilitate the harmonization of data protection law between countries.
Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic
Processing of Personal Data - ANS-Also known as Convention 108. Was the first legally
binding international instrument in the area of data protection. Convention 108 sets the
standard for the protection of the personal data of individuals while also seeking to find
a balance for the need to maintain the free flow of personal data for the purposes of
international trade.
Convention 108 v. OECD Guidelines - ANS-Convention 108 differs from the Guidelines
in that it required signatories to take the necessary steps in their domestic legislation to
apply the principles it lays down.
, Treaty of Lisbon - ANS-In force in 2009. Aims to strengthen and improve the core
structures of the EU to enable it to function more efficiently and ensures that all
institutions of the EU must have regard to the protection of individuals when processing
personal data.
European Parliament - ANS-The only European institution whose members are directly
elected. It has four responsibilities:
1. Legislative development;
2. Supervisory oversight of the other institutions;
3. democratic representation; and
4. Development of the budget.
European Council - ANS-The heads of the Member States, together with the president
of the European Commission, meet four times a year to define EU's priorities and set
political direction for the EU.
Council of the EU - ANS-The main decision-making body of the EU, having a central
role in both political and legislative decisions. The Council's meetings are attend by one
minister from each member state, where ministers have the power to commit their
government.
European Commission - ANS-Described as the executive body of the EU. It implements
the EU's decisions and politics, but it also has other broad functions, including the
power to initiate legislation.
European Court of Human Rights - ANS-Not an institution of the EU and it has no
powers of enforcement. But, as the case law of the ECHR shows, it has been active in
data protection. The ECHR has also considered the question of the protection of
personal data form the viewpoint of the right of access to such data.
Court of Justice of the European Union - ANS-The judicial body of the EU that makes
decisions on issues of EU law and enforces European decisions either in respect of
actions taken by the European Commission against a member state or action taken by
an individual to enforce his rights under EU law.
Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC) - ANS-Sets out general principles and leaves
member states to implement these as they see fit.
