NURS 300 final exam Questions And Answers Rated A+

6 rights of medication administration - Right dose, right time, right patient, right route, right documentation, right medication, right to refuse Accountability - the nurse is responsible professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided active transport - movement of ions against osmotic pressure to an are of higher pressure (low to high) requires energy Ageism - discrimination against people because of increasing age Allostasis - the ability to maintain homeostasis or stability through change Autonomy - essential element of nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders basal metabolic rate (BMR) - the energy needed to maintain life-sustaining activities for a specific period of time Benner and Wrubel's Theory - focus on patient's need for caring as a means of coping with stressors of illness skill acquisition blanching - Occurs when normal red tones of skin are absent. *Does not occur in dark-skinned patients.*Body Mass Index (BMI) - measures weight corrected for height and serves as an alternative to traditional height-weight relationships Calcium - 8.5-10.5 mg/dL Hypercalcemia: anorexia, N/V, constipation, fatigue, diminished reflexes, lethargy, confusion, personality change, cardiac dysrhythmias, thirst, increased interstitial fluid Hypocalcemia: tetany, Chvostek's sign (facial twitching), trousseau's sign (carpal spasm with hypoxia), muscle twitching, stidor, CNS changes, ECG changes Cardiac output - CO = HR x SV cardiovascular physiology - right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood through the lungs left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the systemic circulation cleaning a wound - use a circular motion, starting at the center and moving outward least contaminated to most contaminated. from wound to surrounding skin Competent nurse - understands the organization and the specific care required by specific types of patients and has experience with psychomotor skills. comprehensive assessment - health history and complete physical examination, usually conducted when a patient first enters a health care setting; provides a baseline for comparing later assessment Conduction system of the heart - SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers