Completed Study Guide
Chapter 13 – The Respiratory System
Specialty the deals with the treatment of the diseases of ears, nose and throat –
Otorhinolaryngology
The nose, pharynx, and paranasal sinuses are – structures of the upper respiratory system
The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs are – structures of the lower respiratory system
Scientific name for the nostrils – External Nares
The first portion of the nasal cavity that contains vibrissae which filter out large particles from
inspired air – Vestibule
Divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides – Nasal septum
Three mucosa-covered shelves on each side of the nasal cavity that function to warm, moisten,
and filter dust particles of air – Nasal Conchae
Smallest conducting respiratory passageways – bronchioles
Separates the oral and nasal cavities – hard and soft palate
Major nerve that stimulate the diaphragm – phrenic
Food passageway that is located posterior to the trachea – esophagus
Closes off the larynx during swallowing – epiglottis
Scientific name for the windpipe – Trachea
Actual site of gas exchange – alveoli
Thin membrane that lines the thoracic wall surrounding the lungs – parietal pleura
Thin membrane that covers the lungs – visceral pleura
Opening to the larynx – Glottis
Vibrate with expired air – vocal cords
During expiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens leading to a volume increase and
pressure decrease in the thoracic cavity. Inspiration involves the reverse process in which the
diaphragm relaxes leading to a volume decrease and pressure increase in the thoracic cavity. –
False
Decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood – hypocapnia
Chronic of acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose – rhinitis
This study source was downloaded by 100000882847079 from CourseHero.com on 04-05-2024 10:38:29 GMT -05:00
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, Rapid breathing rate – tachypnea
Loss of blood from the nose due to trauma, infection, allergy, or bleeding disorders – epistaxis
Normal, quiet breathing – eupnea
Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood – Hypercapnia
Absence of breathing – apnea
The right lung is divided into two lobes and the left lung is divided into three lobes – False
A condition characterized by the destruction of the walls of the alveoli resulting is decrease in
surface area for gas exchange – person has to forcefully exhale to move air out of the lungs. –
Emphysema
All gas exchanges are made by the process of ___1___. When substances pass in this manner,
they move from areas of their ___2___ to areas of their ___3___. Thus, oxygen continually
passes from the ____4___ and then from the ___5____. Conversely, carbon dioxide moves from
the ___6____ and from ____7____. From there it passes out of the body during expiration. As a
result of such exchanges, most arterial blood tends to have ____8____ while most venous blood
has _____9___.
1. Diffusion
2. Higher concentration
3. Lower concentration
4. Air of alveoli to capillary blood
5. Capillary blood to tissue cells
6. Tissue cells to capillary blood
7. Capillary blood to alveolar air
8. Higher concentration of oxygen and lower concentration of carbon dioxide
9. Higher concentrations of carbon dioxide and lower concentrations of oxygen
Name of the primary respiratory centers that control breathing – pons and medulla
Changes in the levels of these substances are the most important in regulating breathing rate –
Carbon dioxide and pH
Mrs. Jones gave birth prematurely to her first child. At birth, the baby weighed 2 lb 8 oz. Within
a few hours, the baby had developed severe dyspnea and was becoming cyanotic. Therapy with a
positive pressure ventilator was prescribed. Match the following questions related to the situation
just described with the correct explanation.
The infants condition is referred to as – Infant Respiration distress syndrome or hyaline
membrane disease
It occurs because of a relative lack of – surfactant
The function of the deficient substance is to – lower the surface tension of the watery film in the
alveolar sacs
This study source was downloaded by 100000882847079 from CourseHero.com on 04-05-2024 10:38:29 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24723073/Chapter-13-Respiratory-Systemdocx/
Chapter 13 – The Respiratory System
Specialty the deals with the treatment of the diseases of ears, nose and throat –
Otorhinolaryngology
The nose, pharynx, and paranasal sinuses are – structures of the upper respiratory system
The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs are – structures of the lower respiratory system
Scientific name for the nostrils – External Nares
The first portion of the nasal cavity that contains vibrissae which filter out large particles from
inspired air – Vestibule
Divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides – Nasal septum
Three mucosa-covered shelves on each side of the nasal cavity that function to warm, moisten,
and filter dust particles of air – Nasal Conchae
Smallest conducting respiratory passageways – bronchioles
Separates the oral and nasal cavities – hard and soft palate
Major nerve that stimulate the diaphragm – phrenic
Food passageway that is located posterior to the trachea – esophagus
Closes off the larynx during swallowing – epiglottis
Scientific name for the windpipe – Trachea
Actual site of gas exchange – alveoli
Thin membrane that lines the thoracic wall surrounding the lungs – parietal pleura
Thin membrane that covers the lungs – visceral pleura
Opening to the larynx – Glottis
Vibrate with expired air – vocal cords
During expiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens leading to a volume increase and
pressure decrease in the thoracic cavity. Inspiration involves the reverse process in which the
diaphragm relaxes leading to a volume decrease and pressure increase in the thoracic cavity. –
False
Decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood – hypocapnia
Chronic of acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose – rhinitis
This study source was downloaded by 100000882847079 from CourseHero.com on 04-05-2024 10:38:29 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24723073/Chapter-13-Respiratory-Systemdocx/
, Rapid breathing rate – tachypnea
Loss of blood from the nose due to trauma, infection, allergy, or bleeding disorders – epistaxis
Normal, quiet breathing – eupnea
Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood – Hypercapnia
Absence of breathing – apnea
The right lung is divided into two lobes and the left lung is divided into three lobes – False
A condition characterized by the destruction of the walls of the alveoli resulting is decrease in
surface area for gas exchange – person has to forcefully exhale to move air out of the lungs. –
Emphysema
All gas exchanges are made by the process of ___1___. When substances pass in this manner,
they move from areas of their ___2___ to areas of their ___3___. Thus, oxygen continually
passes from the ____4___ and then from the ___5____. Conversely, carbon dioxide moves from
the ___6____ and from ____7____. From there it passes out of the body during expiration. As a
result of such exchanges, most arterial blood tends to have ____8____ while most venous blood
has _____9___.
1. Diffusion
2. Higher concentration
3. Lower concentration
4. Air of alveoli to capillary blood
5. Capillary blood to tissue cells
6. Tissue cells to capillary blood
7. Capillary blood to alveolar air
8. Higher concentration of oxygen and lower concentration of carbon dioxide
9. Higher concentrations of carbon dioxide and lower concentrations of oxygen
Name of the primary respiratory centers that control breathing – pons and medulla
Changes in the levels of these substances are the most important in regulating breathing rate –
Carbon dioxide and pH
Mrs. Jones gave birth prematurely to her first child. At birth, the baby weighed 2 lb 8 oz. Within
a few hours, the baby had developed severe dyspnea and was becoming cyanotic. Therapy with a
positive pressure ventilator was prescribed. Match the following questions related to the situation
just described with the correct explanation.
The infants condition is referred to as – Infant Respiration distress syndrome or hyaline
membrane disease
It occurs because of a relative lack of – surfactant
The function of the deficient substance is to – lower the surface tension of the watery film in the
alveolar sacs
This study source was downloaded by 100000882847079 from CourseHero.com on 04-05-2024 10:38:29 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24723073/Chapter-13-Respiratory-Systemdocx/
