IAAP WEB ACCESSIBILITY SPECIALIST STUDY PREP

A11Y - ANS- Short for ''accessibility'' (there are 11 letters between ''a'' and ''y'') What does AT Stand For? - ANS- Assistive Technology WC3 - ANS- World Wide Web Consortium WAI - ANS- Web Accessibility Initiative WCAG - ANS- Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WAI-ARIA - ANS- Web Accessibility Initiative - Accessible Rich Internet Applications ATAG - ANS- Authoring Tools Accessibility Guidelines -Specify principles that web authoring tools (Dreamweaver, SharePoint, etc.) should follow in order to facilitate the creation of accessible web content. What does NVDA stand for and what browser is it best used for? - ANS- - Non Visual Desktop Access - screen reader for microsoft - Best used with firefox What are ZoonText and MAGic examples of? - ANS- Magnifiers What can easily be missed by magnifiers? - ANS- Alert Popups What does AAC stand for and what type of disability is it associated with? - ANS- Augmented and Alternative Communication - Speech disabilities - AAC can be either aided via an external tool or unaided What is an example of an unaided AAC system? - ANS- Sign language, body language, facial expressions, and gestures Why do most enterprises set their internal standard for WCAG succession criteria at the AA level? - ANS- Its both achievable and meaningful and is considered a reasonable exception that balances accessibility with the effort required to implement the guidelines What are the 4 Principals of Web Accessibility? - ANS- POUR Perceivable: Info and components must be presentable to users in ways they can Operable: User interface components and navigation must be operable Understandable: Information and the operation of user interface must be understandable Robust: Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies ____ number of guidelines fall under ___ number of principles. - ANS- 13 and 4 What is the difference between Sufficient Techniques and Advisory Techniques? - ANS- - If you have meet all sufficient techniques then you have met the success criteria - if you have meet all advisory techniques then you have met best practice but are not considered critical for accessibility What are the two areas of focus for ATAG? - ANS- Part A: Make authoring tool user interface accessible Part B: Support the production of accessible content What is Wai-Aria used for? - ANS- More detailed screen reader accessibility -Intended to help fill in the gaps between the accessibility features of HTML and the real-world accessibility needs -Allows developers to specify the name, role, state, and property of HTML elements in both static and dynamic content True or false ARIA markup is always available and visible for sighted users. - ANS- False: ARIA markup is hidden and is almost entirely for screen reader users What are the 3 Categories of laws that accessibility can fall under? - ANS- 1. Civil Rights: Equal rights 2. Procurement: These laws require that accessibility be taken into account when making a purchase or when contracting for services 3. Industry Specific: government could write a law that is industry specific What does ADA Stand for? - ANS- Americans with Disabilities Act - The ADA is a broad civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, architectural design, transportation, examinations and courses, and other services offering "public accommodation." What does Section 508 talk about? - ANS- Section 508 of the Rehabilitation: Requires the U.S. federal government to take accessibility into account when procuring information technologies: websites, telephones, copiers, computers, and other technologies, including both hardware and software What are the 7 principles of universal design? - ANS- 1. Equitable Use 2. Flexibility in Use: 3. Simple and Intuitive Use: 4. Perceptible Information 5. Tolerance for Error 6. Low Physical Effort 7. Size and Space for Approach and Use What is Accessibility Rot? - ANS- Ignorance, neglect, and a lack of accountability can break even the most accessible designs when people stop paying attention to accessibility. What are the 3 types of disabilities? - ANS- 1. Temporary 2. Permanent 2. Situational Ability is on a ___________. They are not binary. - ANS- Spectrum Why is it beneficial to design for ability spectrum? - ANS- When you design for people at the extreme end of the disability spectrum, you create solutions that also benefit people whose conditions are less severe Define Collateral Benefit - ANS- A result of a solution that provides additional benefits Example: Curbside cutouts are designed so that wheelchairs can get onto the sidewalk but can also benefit people pushing strollers, riding bikes, etc. Can one interface fit all? - ANS- The simple answer is no but you can design for a lot taking on this universal design mindset True or False? It is better to have separate accessible designs, webpages, and apps for people who may need additional functionality? - ANS- False! Separate designs are rarely needed because if it is designed well you will rarely notice the accessibility features which are typically hidden to sighted users. Creating separate accessibility versions can also add to stigma and since it is impossible to know if a user needs additional accessibility features creating a separate version means they might completely miss the site all together. It is also a maintenance nightmare! What is an affordance? - ANS- All the possible actions a user could preform with an object + the users abilities. What is audio-structural interaction UX and how does it relate to accessibility? - ANS- How audio affects user experience. As users interact with elements with their keyboard, they listen to feedback from their screen reader. What is the only way a person who is deafblind access multi-media content? (Hint they need 2 things) - ANS- Refreshable braille displays which require descriptive transcripts. Who might require tactile-structural text-only UX considerations? - ANS- Persons who are deafblind who require refreshable braille displays. Why is it best practice to have a sign language interpreter for live events? - ANS- For many people who are deaf, sign language is their first language. Captions also appear and disappear quickly and may not provide enough time to read it if reading comprehension is not their strength. Why are cognitive disabilities especially challenging to solve for? - ANS- The spectrum of cognitive disabilities is wide! Meaning it is difficult to write rules that can be judged objectively. Page ______ is/are the first thing screen readers see when the webpage loads. a) Headers b) Titles c) Links d) Navigation - ANS- b) Titles Table headers MUST be designated with _____. Which allows _________ __________ to accurately describe the category with the corresponding cell. - ANS- th , screen readers